ExpertDDx: Brain and Spine-3판

SECTION 1: SKULL AND BRAIN
SCALP, SKULL
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

04 Skull Normal Variants
06 Scalp Mass, Child
10 Scalp Mass, Adult
12 Congenital Anomalies of Skull Base

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

18 "Hair on End"
20 Thick Skull, Generalized
24 Thick Skull, Localized
26 Thin Skull, Generalized
28 Thin Skull, Localized
30 Lytic Skull Lesion, Solitary
34 Multiple Lucent Skull Lesions
38 Sclerotic Skull Lesion, Solitary
42 Sclerotic Skull Lesions, Multiple

CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

44 Macrocrania/Macrocephaly
50 Microcephaly

MENINGES
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

56 Dural Calcification(s)
58 Dural-Based Mass, Solitary
62 Dural-Based Masses, Multiple
66 Falx Lesions

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

68 Thick Dura/Arachnoid, Generalized
70 Pial Enhancement
74 Dural Tail Sign

VENTRICLES, PERIVENTRICULAR REGIONS
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

76 Ventricles, Normal Variants
80 Choroid Plexus Lesions, Child
82 Choroid Plexus Lesions, Adult
84 Ependymal/Subependymal Lesions
90 Lateral Ventricle Mass
94 Thick Septum Pellucidum
96 Foramen of Monro Mass
100 3rd Ventricle Mass, Anterior
104 3rd Ventricle Mass, Body/Posterior
106 Cerebral Aqueduct/Periaqueductal Lesion
112 4th Ventricle Mass, Child
116 4th Ventricle Mass, Adult

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

118 Bubbly-Appearing Intraventricular Mass
122 Ependymal Enhancement
126 Ventriculomegaly
132 Small Ventricles
134 Asymmetric Lateral Ventricles
138 Irregular Lateral Ventricles
142 Periventricular Enhancing Lesions

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

146 Intraventricular Calcification(s)
150 Periventricular Calcification(s)
154 Periventricular T2-/FLAIR-Hyperintense Lesions

EXTRAAXIAL SPACES AND SUBARACHNOID CISTERNS
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

158 Subarachnoid Space Normal Variants
160 Epidural Mass
164 Enlarged Sulci, Generalized
168 Effaced Sulci, Generalized
172 Interhemispheric Fissure Cysts
176 CPA Mass, Adult
180 Cystic CPA Mass
184 Prepontine Cistern Mass
190 Ventral Foramen Magnum Mass
194 Dorsal Foramen Magnum Mass

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

198 Solitary Enhancing Cranial Nerve
200 Multiple Enhancing Cranial Nerves
204 CSF-Like Extraaxial Fluid Collection
206 Convexal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
210 CSF-Like Extraaxial Mass
212 Sulcal/Cisternal Enhancement
216 Fat in Sulci/Cisterns/Ventricles
218 Pneumocephalus

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

220 Extraaxial Flow Voids
222 T1-Hyperintense CSF
224 FLAIR-Hyperintense Sulci
228 T2-Hypointense Extraaxial Lesions
232 Hyperdense CSF
234 Hyperdense Extraaxial Mass(es)
236 Hypodense Extraaxial Mass(es)

BRAIN PARENCHYMA, GENERAL GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

240 Multiple Enhancing Lesions, General
244 Ring-Enhancing Lesion, Solitary
250 Ring-Enhancing Lesion, Multiple
254 Solitary Cystic Parenchymal Mass, General
260 CSF-Like Parenchymal Lesion(s)
266 Cyst With Nodule
270 Fat and Fat-Like Lesion(s)

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

272 Solitary Parenchymal Calcification
276 Multiple Parenchymal Calcifications
280 Solitary Hyperdense Parenchymal Lesion
286 Multiple Hyperdense Parenchymal Lesions
292 Solitary Hypodense Parenchymal Lesion
296 Multiple Hypodense Parenchymal Lesions
300 Multiple Brain Hyperintensities (T2/FLAIR), Common
306 Multiple Brain Hyperintensities (T2/FLAIR), Less Common
312 Multiple Brain Hyperintensities (T2/FLAIR), Rare but Important
318 Multiple Hypointense Foci on T2
320 Multiple Hypointense Foci on GRE/SWI
324 T1-/T2-Hyperintense Parenchymal Lesions
328 T1-Hypointense, T2-Hyperintense Parenchymal Lesions
332 T1-/T2-Isointense Parenchymal Lesions
336 Restricted Diffusion, General
342 Restricted Diffusion, Cortex
344 Restricted Diffusion, Basal Ganglia
348 T1-Hyperintense Parenchymal Lesion(s)

CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

352 Brain Tumor in Newborn/Infant
358 Brain Tumor in Child > 1 Year
364 Epilepsy, Child
370 Epilepsy, Adult

SUPRATENTORIAL BRAIN PARENCHYMA
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

372 Asymmetric Cerebral Hemispheres
378 Thick Cerebral Cortex
384 Thin Cortex
390 Focal Cortical Mass
396 Cortical Hyperintensity T2/FLAIR
400 Cortical Enhancement
402 Solitary White Matter Lesion
406 Confluent White Matter Lesions
412 Abnormal Shape/Configuration of Corpus Callosum
418 Corpus Callosum Holes
420 Corpus Callosum Lesion Without Mass Effect
422 Corpus Callosum Mass
424 Corpus Callosum Splenium Lesion
428 Medial Temporal Lobe Lesion
434 Hippocampal Lesion
438 Basal Ganglia Calcification
442 Hyperdense Basal Ganglia
444 Hypodense Basal Ganglia
448 T1-Hyperintense Basal Ganglia
452 T2-Hyperintense Basal Ganglia
456 Enlarged Perivascular Spaces
458 Perivascular Space Enhancing Lesions
462 Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesions
466 Putamen Lesion(s)
468 Globus Pallidus Lesion(s)
472 Unilateral Thalamic Lesion
474 Bithalamic Lesions
478 Pulvinar Sign
480 Tectal (Quadrigeminal Plate) Lesion

INFRATENTORIAL BRAIN PARENCHYMA
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

482 Large Brainstem
484 Small Brainstem
486 T2-Hyperintense Brainstem, Focal
488 T2-Hyperintense Brainstem, Diffuse
490 Midbrain Lesion
494 Pontine Lesion
500 Medulla Lesion
504 Middle Cerebellar Peduncle Lesion(s)
508 Cerebellar Atrophy
512 Cerebellar Hemisphere Mass
518 Vermis Mass
522 Low Cerebellar Tonsils

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

524 Cystic-Appearing Posterior Fossa Lesion

CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

530 Posterior Fossa Neoplasm, Adult
534 Posterior Fossa Neoplasm, Pediatric


SELLA/JUXTASELLAR, PINEAL REGION
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

540 Pineal Region Mass, General
544 Pineal Gland Mass
546 Quadrigeminal Cistern Mass
548 Pineal + Suprasellar Lesions
550 Sella/Pituitary Normal Variants
552 Sellar/Juxtasellar Calcification
556 Enlarged Pituitary Gland
558 Intrasellar Lesion
560 Cystic Intrasellar Mass
562 Suprasellar Mass, Child
568 Suprasellar Mass, Adult
572 Suprasellar Cystic Mass
576 Calcified Suprasellar Mass
578 Enhancing Suprasellar Mass
580 Sellar/Parasellar Mass With Skull Base Invasion
584 Absent/Thin Infundibular Stalk
586 Thick Infundibular Stalk
588 Hypothalamus Lesion

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

592 Hyperdense Suprasellar Mass
594 T1-Hyperintense Suprasellar Mass

ARTERIES
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

596 Multifocal Arterial Narrowing
600 Vessel Wall Abnormalities
604 Fusiform Arterial Enlargement

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

606 Hyperattenuating ("Dense") Artery

VEINS, VENOUS SINUSES
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

608 Dural Sinus Lesion, General
612 Enlarged Cortical Veins
614 Prominent/Enlarged Deep (Medullary/Ependymal) Veins
618 Abnormally Enhancing Medullary Veins
620 Unilateral Cavernous Sinus Mass
624 Bilateral Cavernous Sinus Lesions
628 Meckel Cave Lesion

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

632 Hyperdense Dural Sinus
636 GRE/SWI Venous Abnormalities

CRANIAL NERVES
CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

638 Hemifacial Spasm
642 Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adult
646 Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Child
652 Bitemporal Heteronymous Hemianopsia
658 Homonymous Hemianopsia
662 Oculomotor, Trochlear, or Abducens Neuropathy
668 Trigeminal Neuralgia
672 Complex Cranial Nerve IX-XII Neuropathy
678 Horner Syndrome


SECTION 2: SPINE
TRANSSPATIAL
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

686 Cervical, Chronic Posttraumatic Abnormality
688 Cervical, Lower, Posttraumatic Bony Abnormality
690 Thoracic Bony Trauma
692 Lumbar Bony Trauma

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

694 Kyphosis
696 Kyphoscoliosis, Child
698 Platyspondyly, Diffuse
700 Sacral Mass, Adult
704 Sacrococcygeal Mass, Pediatric
708 Sacral Deformity
712 Multicompartmental Mass

CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

718 Acute Back Pain/Radiculopathy, Postoperative
724 Chronic Back Pain/Radiculopathy, Postoperative
730 Acute Upper Extremity Pain/Weakness
736 Lower Extremity Pain
740 Back Pain, Adult
746 Back Pain, Pediatric

CRANIOVERTEBRAL JUNCTION
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

750 Craniocervical Junction Acute Injury
754 Craniovertebral Junction Abnormality, General
758 Craniovertebral Junction Soft Tissue Abnormality

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

762 C1-C2 Instability
766 Odontoid Deformity

VERTEBRAL BODY, POSTERIOR ELEMENTS
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

768 Congenital Vertebral Anomalies
770 Cervical Bony Fusion

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

772 Flattened Vertebral Body, Solitary
774 Flattened Vertebral Body, Multiple
776 Dysmorphic Vertebral Body
778 Enlarged Vertebral Body/Posterior Element
782 Enlarged Neural Foramen
784 Vertebral Body Scalloping/Widened Canal
786 Spondylolisthesis
790 Bony Lesion, Aggressive
794 Fracture, Vertebral Body
798 Facet Abnormality, Nontraumatic
800 Fracture, Posterior Element
802 Pedicle Abnormality

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

806 Enlarged Vertebral Body, Soap Bubble Expansion
810 Vertebral Body Sclerosis, Focal
814 Vertebral Body Sclerosis, Diffuse
816 Vertebral Body Thickened Bony Trabeculae
818 Vertebral Body, T1-Hyperintense Signal, Diffuse
820 Vertebral Body, T1-Hyperintense Signal, Focal
822 Vertebral Body, T1-Hypointense Signal, Diffuse
826 Vertebral Body, T1-Hypointense Signal, Focal

INTERVERTEBRAL DISC, ENDPLATE
GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

828 Disc Contour Abnormality
832 Intervertebral Disc/Endplate Irregularity
836 Vertebral Endplate Contour Abnormality

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

840 Intervertebral Disc, T1 Hypointense
842 Intervertebral Disc, T2 Hyperintense
844 Vertebral Endplate Signal Abnormality

EXTRADURAL
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

846 Epidural Mass
852 Ventral/Lateral Paraspinal Mass

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

854 Paraspinal Muscle Abnormality
856 Extradural Lesions, Multiple
858 Extradural Lesion, No Enhancement
860 Extradural Lesion, Solid Enhancement
864 Epidural Fluid

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

868 Soft Tissue Calcification, Paraspinal
870 Extradural, Normal Marrow Signal
874 Extradural, Abnormal Marrow Signal
878 Extradural Lesion, T1 Hyperintense
880 Extradural Lesion, T1 Hypointense
884 Extradural Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, T1 Isointense
888 Extradural Lesion, T2 Hypointense, T1 Hypointense

CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

890 Lumbar Soft Tissue Mass, Pediatric

INTRADURAL EXTRAMEDULLARY
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

894 Cauda Equina Enhancement, Diffuse
898 Subarachnoid Space Narrowing
900 Intradural Extramedullary, Leptomeningeal Enhancement

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

904 Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, No Enhancement
908 Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, Solid Enhancement
912 Intradural Lesion, Serpentine
914 Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, Multiple

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

918 Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, Ring/Peripheral Enhancement
922 Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T1 Hyperintense
924 Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense
928 Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense, T2 Hypointense
930 Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, T1 Isointense

CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

932 Cauda Equina Syndrome

INTRAMEDULLARY
ANATOMICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

934 Intramedullary Mass
938 Conus Abnormality

GENERIC IMAGING PATTERNS

942 Intramedullary Lesions, Multiple
944 Intramedullary Lesion, Solid Enhancement
948 Intramedullary Lesion, No Enhancement
950 Intramedullary Lesion, Diffuse/Ill-Defined Enhancement
954 Intramedullary Lesion, Ring/Peripheral Enhancement

MODALITY-SPECIFIC IMAGING FINDINGS

956 Intramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense, T2 Hypointense
958 Intramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense
960 Intramedullary Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, T1 Isointense
964 Intramedullary Lesion, T1 Hyperintense
970 Cord Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, Ventral
972 Cord Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, Dorsal
976 Cord Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, Central

CLINICALLY BASED DIFFERENTIALS

982 Myelopathy

이 책의 특징

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