Advances in Surgery 2020 (Volume 54-1)-1판

Each year, Advances in Surgery reviews the most current practices in general surgery. A distinguished editorial board, headed by Dr. John Cameron, identifies key areas of major progress and controversy and invites preeminent specialists to contribute original articles devoted to these topics. These insightful overviews in general surgery bring concepts to a clinical level and explore their everyday impact on patient care.

Table of Contents
Copyright
Associate Editors
Contributors
Controversies in the Management of Diverticulitis
Key points
Introduction
Indications for urgent or emergent operative procedures in patients with acute diverticulitis
Assessing the intraoperative environment to determine an operative plan
Role of damage-control surgery/second-look laparotomy
Postoperative morbidity and mortality
Anastomotic leak
Laparoscopic approach
Hartmann procedure versus primary anastomosis: observational data
Hartmann procedure versus primary anastomosis: randomized trial data
Hartmann procedure versus primary anastomosis: patient selection for inclusion in randomized controlled trials and crossover
Hartmann procedure versus primary anastomosis: primary anastomosis with or without diverting ostomy
Colostomy takedown
Summary
Venous Thromboembolism Prevention and Treatment in Cancer Surgery
Key points
Introduction
Epidemiology
Risk stratification
Prevention
Diagnosis
Treatment
Summary
The Value of Surgical Coaching Beyond Training
Key points
Overview of surgical coaching
Motivation for surgical coaching
Established surgical coaching programs
Benefits of surgical coaching for practicing surgeons
Addressing barriers to implementing surgical coaching
Future directions for surgical coaching
Neoadjuvant Therapy: When Should It Be Used for Pancreatic Cancer?
Key points
Introduction
Classification
Resection margins
Role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy
Surgical considerations after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Summary
Islet Tumors: Resect or Follow?
Key points
Introduction
Treatment guidelines
Potential for metastasis
Accuracy of preoperative biopsy in defining grade
Can tumor morphology on preoperative imaging predict grade and metastatic potential?
Survival after resection versus observation for islet cell tumors
Natural history of small islet cell tumors
Morbidity and mortality after resection of small islet tumors
Summary
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Surgery
Key points
Introduction
Techniques in artificial intelligence
Applicative fields of artificial intelligence
Specific applications of artificial intelligence in surgery
Regulatory and legal considerations
Surgeon’s role
Summary
What Is the Current Status of Lung Transplantation?
Key points
History of lung transplantation
Evolution in techniques
Current lung transplant volume and outcomes
Trends in changing diagnosis
Significant lung allocation changes in 2005
Indications
Contraindications
Surgical technique
Complications
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to transplant
Venovenous and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation outcomes
Intraoperative use
Combined heart-lung transplant
Expanding the donor pool
Summary
Contemporary Management of Mitral Valve Disease
Key points
Introduction
Summary
Surgery Resident Wellness Programs: The Current State of the Field and Recommendations for Creation and Implementation
Key points
Introduction
Burnout in medical training
Initiatives to address resident wellness
Current state of the field
Best practice recommendations for designing a resident wellness program
Conceptual models used to develop trainee wellness programs
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Domains of wellness model
Ensuring the success of a surgery resident wellness program
Future advances in resident wellness
Summary
Evidence-Based Management of Gallstone Pancreatitis
Key points
Introduction
Stratification and prediction of severity of acute gallstone pancreatitis
Medical management
Endoscopic and surgical management of acute gallstone pancreatitis
Management of Melanoma Patients with Positive Nodes
Key points
Introduction
Background
The clinically node-positive patient
The patient with nodal recurrence
The evolving role of neoadjuvant therapy
The patient with a positive sentinel lymph node biopsy
Summary
Video Assessment of Surgeons and Surgery
Key points
Why is video-based assessment important?
What are the limitations of video-based assessment?
What is the impact of technology on video-based assessment?
Metrics
Applications of video review
Future applications
Summary
Fascial Closure: New Surgery Paradigms
Key points
Introduction
Wound healing, inflammatory response to biomaterials, and the foreign body reaction
Strength of tissues repaired with sutures
Suture composition
Suture tension
Suture size
New options for fascial closure to decrease hernia recurrence
Prophylactic mesh augmentation
Mesh sutured repairs
Mesh suture
Summary
Enteral Feeding: Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomies, Tubes, and Formulas
Key points
Introduction
Updates on the indications for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Perioperative considerations
Adjuncts to standard percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy techniques
Difficult percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: strategies and options
Minimally invasive jejunal access
Alternative methods for enteral access
Endoscopic management of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy complications
Enteral feeding decisions in surgical patients
Summary
Increasing Importance of Ethics in Surgical Decision Making
Key points
Introduction
Principles of biomedical ethics
Integration of ethics in surgery
Decisional regret
Summary
Per Oral Pyloromyotomy for Gastroparesis
Key points
Introduction
History
Evaluation
Patient selection
Equipment
Technique
Postoperative management
What Is the Role of Neoadjuvant Radiation Therapy for Retroperitoneal Sarcoma?
Key points
Introduction
Neoadjuvant radiotherapy for retroperitoneal sarcoma
Summary
New Models of Surgical Training
Key points
Introduction
Concerns regarding the ability of graduating general surgery residents
The spectrum of surgical training and participating organizations
Defining competency-based education
The transition to competency-based medical and surgical education
Fundamentals of laparoscopic and endoscopic surgery
Milestones
Operative Performance Rating System
End of rotation evaluations
Microassessments
Entrustable professional activities
Summary