Dermatology at a Glance-2판

Cover
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
About the Authors
Contributing Authors
Foreword
Acknowledgements
Conflict of Interests
List of Abbreviations
About the Companion Website

Part 1: Principles of Dermatology
1 Evidence‐Based Dermatology
Influences on Clinical Decision‐Taking
Guidelines
Systematic Reviews
UK Clinical Trials Network
2 Dermatology
Free Open Access Journals
Detailed Information About Skin Diseases
Dermatology Images
Clinical Guidelines
Quality of Life Questionnaires, including DLQI
Evidence‐Based Dermatology
Patient Support Groups
Patient Information Leaflets
Resources for Medical Students
Dermatology News and Reference
e‐Learning Sample Sessions
Free iPhone Apps
Free Android Apps
Subscription Services
Dermatology Postgraduate Distance Learning Course
3 Dermatology
Historical Highlights
Twentieth Century
Twenty‐First Century
The Spreading of Knowledge
Skin Disease: Cultural Aspects
4 How the Skin Works
Critical Role of Evolution
Ultraviolet Protection
Heat Regulation
Sensory
Vitamin D Production
Immunological Functions
Sebaceous Glands
Nails
Regional Variation and Clinical Relevance (Figure 4.7)
Skin and Hair Colour
5 The Burden of Skin Disease
How Skin Disease Affects Peoples’ Lives
Understanding Patient’s Quality of Life Impact Helps Clinical Practice
How to Measure the Impact of Skin Disease on Life Quality
Comparison with Non‐skin Diseases
Dermatology Life Quality Index
Rule of Tens: Using Quality of Life Scores to Help Define Disease Severity
Major Life‐Changing Decisions
Children
The Greater Patient
Utility Measures

Part 2: The Patient Consultation
6 Taking the History
Why Taking a History is Important
Structured History Taking
Key Points to a Successful Consultation
Special Circumstances
Language and Translations
Adolescents
History Taking with Experience
Why Recording the History is Important
Multi‐Tasking in the Clinic
How to Take Clinical Decisions: The Art of Medicine
7 How to Examine the Skin
Examination Optimal Conditions
Essential
Simple Structure
Scalp
Ears
External Auditory Meatus
Face
Neck, Axillae, and Arms
Trunk: Back, Chest, Abdomen, and Buttocks
Genitalia, Perineum, Groins, and Perianal Skin
Legs
Feet
General Points: All Areas
Individual Lesions
Recording Examination Findings
Special Situations
8 Diagnostic Clues
Itchy Rashes
Skin Rashes Based on Shape of Individual Lesions
Skin Lesion Based on Colour
Skin Lesion Based on Surface Appearance

Part 3: Basic Procedures
9 Surgical Basics
Preparation Prior to Surgery
Local Anaesthesia
Haemostasis
Surgical Procedures (Table 9.2)
10 Key Procedures
Cryotherapy
Laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation)
Xanthelasma Treatment
Botulinum Toxin
Nail Surgery
Mohs’ Micrographic Surgery
11 Dermoscopy
How Does it Work?
Value of Dermoscopy in Clinical Practice
Dermoscopy in Melanocytic Lesions
Dermoscopy in Non‐Melanocytic Lesions
Limitations of Dermoscopy

Part 4: Treatments
12 Topical Therapy
What Influences Absorption?
What is a Cream?
What is in a Cream?
What is an Ointment?
What is a Lotion?
What is an Emollient?
How Often Should Drugs be Applied?
Topical Steroids
Side Effects of Potent Topical Steroids if used Widely in the Long‐Term
Antibiotics
Antifungals
Antivirals
Infestation Therapies
Topical Retinoids
Topicals for Psoriasis
Sunscreens
Topical Drugs for Pre‐Malignancy or Malignancy
Drug Combinations and Formulations
Pharmacokinetics of Topical Applications
Compliance/Adherence
13 Practical Special Management
Dermatology Day Care Services
Patient Education
Intensive Topical Treatment
Other Treatments Undertaken in Dermatology Day Units
Radiotherapy
14 Systemic Therapies
Introduction
Corticosteroids
Methotrexate
Azathioprine
Ciclosporin
Apremilast
Retinoids
Biologic Treatments

Part 5: Inflammatory Diseases
15 Psoriasis
Epidemiology
Clinical Presentations
Assessing Co‐Morbidities
Pathogenesis
Diagnosis
Treatment
16 Atopic Dermatitis
Clinical Patterns According to Age
Clinical Features
Aetiology and Pathogenesis
Complications of Atopic Dermatitis
Management
17 Acne and Teenage Skin
Points to Consider When Consulting a Teenager with a Skin Disease
Acne Vulgaris
18 Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Clinical Features
Co‐morbidities
Aetiology and Pathogenesis
Management
Medical Treatment
Surgical Treatment
19 Common Inflammatory Diseases
Lichenoid Disorders
Lichen Planus
Histopathology
Prognosis and Treatment
Other Lichenoid Reactions
Graft versus Host Disease
Pityriasis Rosea

Part 6: ER Dermatology
20 Acute Dermatology
Erythroderma
Erythema Multiforme
Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Angioedema and Anaphylaxis
Eczema Herpeticum
Necrotising Fasciitis
21 Blistering Skin Diseases
Autoimmune Bullous Skin Diseases
Immunofluorescence
Bullous Pemphigoid
Pemphigus
Linear IgA Bullous Disease
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
22 Drug Reactions
Drug Reactions to Topical Treatments
Drug Reactions to Systemic Drugs
Fixed Drug Eruption
Acute Generalised Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP)
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)
Management of Drug Reactions

Part 7: Skin Infections
23 Bacterial Infections
Cellulitis and Erysipelas
Impetigo
Folliculitis
Boil (Furuncle)
Erythrasma
Intertrigo (Figure 23.6)
Pitted Keratolysis (Figure 23.7)
Trichomycosis Axillaris
Lyme Disease
Tuberculosis
Fish tank Granuloma (Figure 23.8)
24 Viral Infections
Viral Warts
Herpes Infections
Investigations
Treatment
Molluscum Contagiosum
25 Fungal Infections
Pityriasis Versicolor
Malassezia Folliculitis
Seborrhoeic Dermatitis, Dandruff
Dermatophyte Infections
Investigations for Fungal Infections
Dermatophyte Infection Treatment
Candida Infection
26 Skin Infestations
Scabies
Head Lice (Pediculosis Capitis)
Body Lice
27 Tropical Skin Diseases
Cutaneous Larva Migrans
Leishmaniasis
Leprosy
Tropical Ulcer
Dengue

Part 8: Specific Sites
28 The Red Face
Rosacea
Perioral Dermatitis
Atopic Eczema
Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
Psoriasis (Chapter 15)
Contact Dermatitis (Chapter 35)
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Tinea Faciei
29 Oral and Genital Disease
Genital Skin Disease
Management
Infectious Genital Skin Diseases
Oral Mucosal Disease
Management
30 Nail and Hair Disease
Nail Diseases
Management
Hair
Excess Hair
Hair Loss (Alopecia)

Part 9: Specific Ages
31 The Newborn Infant
Benign Physiological Phenomenon
Benign Skin Pigmentation
Transient Rashes
Persistent and/or Progressive Rashes
Skin Lesions
32 The Child with a Rash
Macular (± Papular) Rash
Papular Rash
Papular–Vesicular Rash
Blistering Rash
Urticarial Rash
Petechial and Purpuric Rash
Important Conditions Not to Miss
33 Skin Problems in Pregnancy
Physiological Skin Changes in Pregnancy
Skin Lesions in Pregnancy
Pregnancy‐Related Dermatoses
Effect of Pregnancy on Pre‐existing Skin Diseases
Management of Skin Diseases During Pregnancy
34 Elderly Skin
Attitudes to Skin Diseases in the Elderly
Co‐Morbidities Impacting on Skin Disease in the Elderly
Factors to Consider When Managing Elderly People with Skin Diseases
Benign Skin Lesions
Malignant Skin Lesions
Xerosis and Pruritus
Bullous Pemphigoid

Part 10: Skin Allergy
35 Cutaneous Allergy
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Patch Testing
Prick Testing
Management and Prognosis of Contact Dermatitis
36 The Working Hands
Hand Eczema
Prevention of Hand Eczema
Treatment
37 Urticaria
Classification
Histology and Pathophysiology
Clinical Features
Causes
Prognosis
Management
Physical and Cholinergic Urticarias
Hereditary Angioedema

Part 11: Skin Tumours
38 Benign Skin Lesions
Benign Melanocytic Naevi
Freckles and Lentigos
Seborrhoeic Keratosis (Basal Cell Papilloma)
Epidermoid Cyst
Dermatofibroma (Histiocytoma)
Skin Tag (Fibroepithelial Polyp)
Solar Keratoses (Actinic Keratoses)
Bowen’s Disease (Intraepidermal Squamous Cell Carcinoma)
39 Non‐Melanoma Skin Cancers
Basal Cell Carcinoma (‘Rodent Ulcer’)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Keratoacanthoma
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
40 Malignant Melanoma
Epidemiology
Risk Factors
Diagnosis
Pathology
Management
Prognosis
41 Other Malignant Skin Conditions
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides)
Paget’s Disease
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Cutaneous Metastases

Part 12: Photodermatology
42 Pigmentation
Effect of Inflammation
Skin Lighteners
Too Little Pigment
Too Much Pigment
43 Sun and Skin
Sunburn Reaction
Photoageing
Tanning
Vitamin D Synthesis and Deficiency
Sunscreens
44 Phototherapy
Phototherapy: General Principles
UVB Phototherapy
UVA Phototherapy
Important Safely Issues Related to Phototherapy
Phototherapy in Special Circumstances
Photodynamic Therapy
45 Photodermatoses
Polymorphic Light Eruption
Chronic Actinic Dermatitis
Actinic Prurigo
Solar Urticaria
Porphyrias
Xeroderma Pigmentosa
Phototesting

Part 13: Systemic Diseases
46 Skin Signs of Systemic Disease
Conditions with Several Causes
Systemic Diseases with Specific Signs
47 Autoimmune Disease and Vasculitis
Lupus Erythematosus
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosus)
Dermatomyositis
Small Vessel Vasculitis
48 The Immunosuppressed Patient
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Immunocompromised Patients and Skin Conditions

Part 14: Miscellaneous Conditions
49 Psychodermatology
Psychiatric and Skin Co‐morbidity
Skin Diseases Primarily Caused by Psychological and Psychiatric Problems
Damaging Habits
50 Pruritus
Introduction
What Causes the Sensation of Itch?
Itch in the Elderly
Itch in Pregnancy
Impact of Itch
What Diseases Cause Itch?
Management of Itch
Treatments for Itch
How can you Measure Itch?
51 Cosmetic Dermatology
Motivation to Seek Cosmetic Treatment
Medical Assessment and Contraindications
Skin ‘Ageing’
Skin Type
Aims of Treatment
Commonest Cosmetic Dermatology Treatments
Ethical Issues
52 Skin Breakdown
Leg Ulcers
Other Ulcers
Burns
53 Hereditary Skin Diseases
Ichthyoses
Epidermolysis Bullosa
Darier’s Disease
Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1)
Tuberous Sclerosis (TS)
Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP)
Xeroderma Pigmentosa
Clinical Picture Quiz
Clinical Picture Quiz Answers
References
Index
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