Trail Guide to the Body 6e-A hands-on guide to locating muscles bones and more

Front Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Acknowledgments
Preface
Introduction—Tour Guide Tips
How to Use This Book
Key
Palpation Hints
Making Contact
Working Hard vs. Working Smart
Less Is More
Rolling and Strumming
Movement and Stillness
Movement as a Palpation Tool
When in Doubt, Ask the Body
Creating Your Palpatory Journal
Exploring the Textural Differences of Structures
Skin
Bone
Muscle
Tendon
Ligament
Fascia
Retinaculum
Artery and Vein
Bursa
Nerve
Lymph Node
Learning Objectives

Chapter 1—Navigating the Body
Orientation of the Body
Regions of the Body
Planes of Movement
Directions and Positions
Movement Terminology
Movements of the Body
Spine and Thorax
Neck
Ribs/Thorax
Scapula
Shoulder
Elbow and Forearm
Wrist
Thumb
Fingers
Mandible
Pelvis
Hip
Knee
Ankle, Foot, and Toes
Systems of the Body
The Skeletal System
The Muscular System
The Fascial System
The Cardiovascular System
The Nervous System
The Lymphatic System

Chapter 2—Shoulder & Arm
Topographical Views
Exploring the Skin and Fascia
Bones of the Shoulder and Arm
Bony Landmarks of the Shoulder and Arm
The Scapula
The Humerus and Clavicle
Overview: Bony Landmark Trails
Trail 1—Along the Edges
Spine of the Scapula
Medial Border
Inferior Angle
Superior Angle
Lateral Border
Infraglenoid Tubercle
Trail 2—In the Trenches
Infraspinous Fossa
Supraspinous Fossa
Subscapular Fossa
Trail 3—Springboard Ledge
Acromion
Clavicle
Acromioclavicular and Sternoclavicular Joints
Coracoid Process
Deltoid Tuberosity
Trail 4—Two Hills and a Valley
Greater and Lesser Tubercles, Intertubercular Groove
Overview: Muscles of the Shoulder and Arm
Synergists—Muscles Working Together
Shoulder
Scapula
Muscles of the Shoulder and Arm
Deltoid
Trapezius
Latissimus Dorsi and Teres Major
Rotator Cuff Muscles
Rotator Cuff Tendons
Rhomboid Major and Minor
Levator Scapula
Serratus Anterior
Sternalis
Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Minor
Subclavius
Biceps Brachii
Tendon of the Long Head of the Biceps Brachii
Triceps Brachii
Tendon of the Long Head of the Triceps Brachii
Coracobrachialis
Ligaments and Other Structures of the Shoulder and Arm
Axilla
Sternoclavicular Joint
Ligaments of the Shoulder
Glenohumeral Joint
Coracoclavicular Ligament
Coracoacromial Ligament
Subacromial Bursa
Axillary Lymph Nodes
Brachial Artery

Chapter 3—Forearm & Hand
Topographical Views
Exploring the Skin and Fascia
Bones of the Forearm and Hand
Bony Landmarks of the Forearm and Hand
The Ulna and Radius
Overview: Bony Landmark Trails
Trail 1—Knob Hill
Olecranon Process and Fossa
Epicondyles of the Humerus
Supracondylar Ridges of the Humerus
Trail 2—The Razor’s Edge
Shaft of the Ulna
Head of the Ulna
Styloid Process of the Ulna
Trail 3—Pivot Pass
Head of the Radius
Shaft of the Radius
Styloid Process of the Radius
Lister’s Tubercle
Trail 4—Walking on Your Hands
Carpals
Pisiform
Triquetrum
Hamate
Scaphoid
Trapezium
Scaphoid and Trapezium Tubercles
Lunate and Capitate
Overview: Muscles of the Forearm and Hand
Synergists—Muscles Working Together
Elbow
Forearm
Wrist
Hand and Fingers
Thumb
Muscles of the Forearm and Hand
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Distinguishing Between the Flexor and Extensor Groups of the Forearm
Extensors of the Wrist and Fingers
Anconeus
Extensor Indicis
Flexors of the Wrist and Fingers
Pronator Teres
Pronator Quadratus
Supinator
Overview: Muscles of the Thumb and Hand
Muscles of the Thumb and Hand
Long Muscles of the Thumb
Short Muscles of the Thumb
Lumbricals and Interossei
Hypothenar Eminence
Ligaments and Other Structures of the Forearm and Hand
Radial Collateral Ligament
Annular Ligament
Ulnar Collateral Ligament
Ulnar Nerve
Olecranon Bursa
Interosseous Membrane
Retinacula of the Wrist and Palmar Aponeurosis
Radial and Ulnar Arteries
Ligaments of the Wrist, Hand, and Fingers

Chapter 4—Spine & Thorax
Topographical Views
Exploring the Skin and Fascia
Bones of the Spine and Thorax
Bony Landmarks of the Spine and Thorax
Atlas (C-1)
Axis (C-2)
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Additional Bony Landmarks
Overview: Bony Landmark Trails
Trail 1—Midline Ridge
Spinous Processes of the Vertebrae
Trail 2—Crossing Paths
L-4 and Top of the Iliac Crest
T-12 and the Twelfth Rib
T-7 and Inferior Angle
T-2 and Superior Angle
C-7 and Base of the Neck
Trail 3—Nape Lane
Spinous Processes of the Cervicals
Transverse Processes of the Cervicals
Cervical Lamina Groove
Trail 4—Buried Boulevard
Transverse Processes of the Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae
Lamina Groove of the Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae
Trail 5—Breastbone Ridge
Sternum
Trail 6—One Bumpy Road
Ribs and Costal Cartilage
First Rib
Eleventh and Twelfth Ribs
Overview: Muscles of the Spine and Thorax
Muscle Layers of the Posterior Neck
Cross Sections of the Neck
Cross Sections of the Thorax
Synergists—Muscles Working Together
Vertebral Column
Ribs/Thorax
Muscles of the Spine and Thorax
Erector Spinae Group
Branches of the Erector Spinae Group
Transversospinalis Group
Splenius Capitis and Cervicis
Suboccipitals
Quadratus Lumborum
Abdominals
Diaphragm
Intercostals
Serratus Posterior Superior
Serratus Posterior Inferior
Intertransversarii
Interspinalis
Ligaments and Other Structures of the Spine and Thorax
Ligamentum Nuchae
Supraspinous Ligament
Abdominal Aorta
Thoracolumbar Fascia
Craniovertebral Joints—Atlantooccipital and Atlantoaxial Joints
Intervertebral Joints
Costovertebral Joints
Sternocostal Joints

Chapter 5—Head, Neck & Face
Topographical View
Exploring the Skin and Fascia
Bones and Bony Landmarks of the Head, Neck and Face
Overview: Bony Landmark Trails
Trail 1—Around the Globe
Occiput
Parietal Bones
Temporal Bone
Frontal Bone
Sphenoid Bone
Facial Bones
Trail 2—Jaw Jaunt
Mandible
Trail 3—Horseshoe Trek
Trachea
Overview: Muscles of the Head, Neck and Face
Synergists—Muscles Working Together
Cervical Spine
Mandible
Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Face
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalenes
Masseter
Temporalis
Suprahyoids and Digastric
Infrahyoids
Platysma
Occipitofrontalis
Medial and Lateral Pterygoids
Longus Capitis and Longus Colli
Overview: Muscles of Facial Expression
Muscles of the Mouth
Muscles of the Nasal Region
Muscles of the Eyes
Muscles of the Scalp
Other Structures of the Head, Neck and Face
Common Carotid Artery
Superficial Temporal Artery
Facial Artery
Facial Nerve
Vertebral Artery
Parotid Gland and Duct, Submandibular Gland
Thyroid Gland
Cervical Lymph Nodes
Brachial Plexus

Chapter 6—Pelvis & Thigh
Topographical Views
Exploring the Skin and Fascia
Bones of the Pelvis and Thigh
Bony Landmarks of the Pelvis and Thigh
The Hip
The Sacrum and Coccyx
The Femur
Overview: Bony Landmarks of the Hip
Trail 1—Solo Pass
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
Iliac Crest
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)
Pubic Crest
Ischial Tuberosity
Greater Trochanter of the Femur
Trail 2—Iliac Avenue
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)
Iliac Crest
Iliac Fossa
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)
Trail 3—Tailbone Trail
Sacrum
Coccyx
Sacroiliac Joint
Trail 4—Hip Hike
Greater Trochanter
Gluteal Tuberosity
Trail 5—The Underpass
Umbilicus
Pubic Crest and Tubercles
Superior Ramus of the Pubis
Inferior Ramus of the Pubis and Ramus of the Ischium
Ischial Tuberosity
Overview: Muscles of the Pelvis and Thigh
Perineum and Pelvic Floor
Synergists—Muscles Working Together
Coxal
Knee
Muscles of the Pelvis and Thigh
Quadriceps Femoris Group
Hamstrings
Gluteals
Adductor Group
Tensor Fasciae Latae and Iliotibial Tract
Sartorius
Tendons of the Posterior Knee
Lateral Rotators of the Hip
Iliopsoas
Ligaments and Other Structures of the Pelvis and Thigh
Ligaments of the Pelvis
Ligaments of the Coxal Joint
Inguinal Ligament
Femoral Artery, Nerve, and Vein
Inguinal Lymph Nodes
Sacrotuberous Ligament
Posterior Sacroiliac Ligaments
Iliolumbar Ligament
Sciatic Nerve
Trochanteric Bursa

Chapter 7—Leg & Foot
Topographical Views
Exploring the Skin and Fascia
Bones of the Knee, Leg and Foot
The Tibia, Fibula and Patella
Bony Landmarks of the Knee and Leg
Overview: Bony Landmark Trails
Trail 1—Landmark Trail
Patella
Tibial Tuberosity and Shaft of the Tibia
Head of the Fibula
Trail 2—Waddle Walk
Tibial Plateaus
Pes Anserinus Attachment Site
Trail 3—Hills on Both Sides
Edges of Femoral Condyles
Epicondyles of the Femur
Adductor Tubercle
Bones of the Ankle and Foot
Bony Landmarks of the Ankle and Foot
Overview: Bony Landmark Trails
Trail 1—The Back Road
Lateral and Medial Malleoli
Malleolar Grooves
Calcaneus
Talus
Trail 2—Little Piggies
Hallux
First Metatarsal
Second through Fifth Digits (Toes)
Second through Fifth Metatarsals
Trail 3—The Archway
Medial, Middle, and Lateral Cuneiforms
Navicular
Cuboid
Overview: Muscles of the Leg and Foot
Synergists—Muscles Working Together
Ankle
Foot and Toes
Muscles of the Leg and Foot
Gastrocnemius and Soleus
Plantaris
Popliteus
Fibularis Longus and Brevis
Extensors of the Ankle and Toes
Flexors of the Ankle and Toes
Overview: Muscles of the Foot
Muscles of the Foot
Other Muscles of the Foot
Ligaments and Other Structures of the Knee and Leg
Tibiofemoral Joint
Tibiofemoral and Tibiofibular Joints
Fibular and Tibial Collateral Ligaments
Menisci of the Knee
Bursae of the Knee
Popliteal Artery
Common Fibular Nerve
Ligaments and Other Structures of the Ankle and Foot
Talocrural Joint
Talotarsal Joints and Ligaments of the Foot
Ligaments of the Foot
Deltoid Ligament
Plantar Calcaneonavicular (Spring) Ligament
Lateral Collateral Ligaments of the Ankle
Retinacula of the Ankle
Plantar Aponeurosis
Posterior Tibial Artery
Dorsalis Pedis Artery
Sesamoid Bones of First Metatarsal
Calcaneal Bursae
Appendixes
Muscles of Facial Expression Attachment Sites
Synergists—Muscles Working Together
Glossary
Pronunciation and Etymology
Bibliography
Index
About the Author and Illustrator
Bones: Quick Reference Index
Muscles of the Human Body: Quick Reference Index