Dermatology for Advanced Practice Clinicians: Essential Knowledge and Skills

Dermatology for Advanced Practice Clinicians
Cover
Title Page
Copyright Information
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Internet Resources
Art Credits
Relative Potency of Selected Topical Corticosteroids
Exhibit 10
Chapter 1: Structure, Function, and Diagnostic Approach to Skin Disease
Chapter 1 Introduction
Structure and Function
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous Layer
Adnexa
Glands
Eccrine glands
Apocrine glands
Figure 1-1
Figure 1-2
Table 1-1: Strata of the Epidermis
Figure 1-3
Assessment of the Skin
History
Physical Examination
Diagnostics
Assessment of Skin Lesions
Morphology
Primary lesions
Secondary lesions
Characteristics
Distribution
Color
Associated Symptoms
Figure 1-4
Figure 1-5
Figure 1-6
Morphology-Based Approach to Differential Diagnosis
Figure 1-7
Figure 1-8
Table 1-2: Fluid-Filled Dermatoses
Table 1-3: Lesions with Color
Table 1-4: Red and Scaly Dermatoses
Table 1-5: Red and Smooth Lesions
Readings
Chapter 2: Corticosteroids and Topical Therapies
Chapter 2 Introduction
Skin Health
Cleansing
Environment
Irritants and Allergens
Table 2-1: Brand-Name Products Free of the Most Common Allergens*
Topical Therapies
Moisturizers
Wet Dressings
Bleach Baths
Cosmetic Botanicals
Table 2-2: Common Botanicals
Corticosteroids
Topical Corticosteroids
Percutaneous absorption
Vehicles
Strength/frequency
Side effects
Quantity
Occlusion
Brand versus generic
Combination drugs
Patient education and follow-up
Systemic Corticosteroids
Prednisone dosing
Side effects
Patient education and follow-up
Special Considerations
Corticosteroids in pregnancy
Table 2-3: Vehicles for Topical Preparations
Figure 2-1
Table 2-4: Estimated Amounts for Topical Medication
Figure 2-2
Table 2-5: Prednisone Taper Suggestions (Alternative to Medrol Pack)
Table 2-6: FDA Pregnancy Categories
Ultraviolet Light
Photobiology
UV Index
Sun Protection
Sunscreen
Allergies to sunscreens
Sunscreen controversies
Oral photoprotection
Clothing
Sunglasses
Sunless Tanning
Tanning pills
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 2-3
Figure 2-4
Table 2-7: Sunscreen Ingredients
Readings
Chapter 3: Eczematous Disorders
Chapter 3 Introduction
Atopic Dermatitis
Quality of Life and Cost of Care
Pathophysiology
Epidermal Barrier Loss of Function
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Bathing and moisturizing
Emollients
Medications
Management of Severe and Extensive Disease
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 3-1
Figure 3-2
Figure 3-3
Figure 3-4
Figure 3-5
Nummular Eczema
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 3-6
Figure 3-7
Contact Dermatitis
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 3-8
Figure 3-9
Figure 3-10
Figure 3-11
Figure 3-12
Figure 3-13
Asteatotic Eczema
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 3-14
Dyshidrotic Eczema
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 3-15
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Id Reaction
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 3-16
Lichen Simplex Chronicus
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 3-17
Readings
Chapter 4: Acne and Related Disorders
Chapter 4 Introduction
Acne Vulgaris
Pathophysiology
Acne classification
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Systemic therapy
Adjunct treatments
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Referral and Consultation
Figure 4-1
Table 4-1: Acne Variants
Figure 4-2
Table 4-2: Essential History Taking for Acne Vulgaris
Table 4-3: Acne Vulgaris: Treatment Matrix
Table 4-4: Topical Agents for Management of Acne
Table 4-5: Topical combination products for acne*
Table 4-6: Systemic Therapy for Management of Acne
Rosacea
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 4-3
Figure 4-4
Figure 4-5
Table 4-7: Treatment of Rosacea by Subtype
Perioral Dermatitis
Clinical Presentation
Management
Prognosis
Figure 4-6
Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 4-7
Table 4-8: Therapeutic Treatment Options for Hidradenitis Suppurativa Based on Hurley Stages
Acne Keloidalis Nuchae
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Figure 4-8
Table 4-9: Treatment Options for Acne Keloidalis Nuchae
Pseudofolliculitis Barbae
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complication
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 4-9
Figure 4-10
Readings
Chapter 5: Papulosquamous Disorders
Psoriasis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Plaque psoriasis
Scalp psoriasis
Palmoplantar psoriasis
Guttate psoriasis
Inverse psoriasis
Erythrodermic psoriasis
Psoriatic nails
Comorbidities
Cardiovascular disease
Metabolic syndrome
Depression
Malignancy
Psoriatic arthritis
Diagnostics
Management
Mild-to-moderate psoriasis
Moderate-to-severe psoriasis
Special Considerations
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 5-1
Figure 5-2
Figure 5-3
Figure 5-4
Figure 5-5
Figure 5-6
Figure 5-7
Table 5-1: Monitoring of Comorbidities in Patients with Psoriasis*
Figure 5-8
Table 5-2: Topical Therapies for Psoriasis
Figure 5-9
Table 5-3: Referral and Treatment for Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 5-10
Figure 5-11
Table 5-4: Treatment for Seborrheic Dermatitis†
Pityriasis Rosea
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 5-12
Lichen Planus
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 5-13
Table 5-5: Treatment for Lichen Planus
Erythroderma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Pityriasis Lichenoides
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 5-14
Figure 5-15
Parapsoriasis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Small plaque parapsoriasis
Large plaque parapsoriasis
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 5-16
Figure 5-17
Readings
Chapter 6: Pediatrics
Cutaneous Disorders of the Newborn
Newborn Skin Care
Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-1
Miliaria
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Acne Neonatorum
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-2
Figure 6-3
Figure 6-4
Figure 6-5
Diaper Dermatitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Thrush
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Aplasia Cutis Congenita
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-6
Neonatal Lupus Erythematosus
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Special Considerations
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-7
Figure 6-8
Vascular Disorders of Infancy
Vascular Tumors
Infantile Hemangioma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Figure 6-9
Table 6-1: Features of High-Risk Infantile Hemangiomas
Pyogenic Granuloma
Pathogenesis
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-10
Vascular Malformations
Salmon Patch
Clinical Presentation
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Port Wine Stain
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 6-11
Venous Malformations
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Arteriovenous Malformation
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Exanthem
Table 6-2: Differential Diagnosis of Exanthem on the Basis of Morphology
Varicella
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Vaccination
Prognosis and Complications
Special Considerations
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-12
Measles
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Vaccination
Prognosis and Complications
Special Considerations
Patient Education and Follow-up
Scarlet Fever
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-13
Figure 6-14
Figure 6-15
Rubella
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Vaccination
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Erythema Infectiosum
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Prognosis and Complications
Special Considerations
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-16
Roseola
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-17
Figure 6-18
Gianotti–Crosti Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-19
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 6-20
Genetic Disorders
Neurofibromas and Neurofibromatosis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 6-21
Table 6-3: Diagnostic Criteria for Neurofibromatosis Types 1 and 2
Figure 6-22
Figure 6-23
Table 6-4: Cutaneous Manifestations in the Diagnostic Criteria for Tuberous Sclerosus
Readings
Chapter 7: Pigmented Lesions and Melanoma
Chapter 7 Introduction
Pathophysiology of Pigmented Skin Lesions
Figure 7-1
Benign Pigmented Lesions
Epidermal Melanocytic Neoplasms
Lentigos
Café au lait macule
Nevus spilus
Becker’s nevus
Dermal Melanocytic Neoplasms
Mongolian spots
Nevus of Ota and Ito
Melanonychia striata
Melanocytic Nevi
Congenital nevi
Acquired melanocytic nevi
Figure 7-2
Figure 7-3
Figure 7-4
Figure 7-5
Figure 7-6
Figure 7-7
Figure 7-8
Figure 7-9
Figure 7-10
Figure 7-11
Figure 7-12
Figure 7-13
Table 7-1: Risk Stratification Based on Size of Congenital Melanocytic Nevi
Exhibit 206
Exhibit 207
Exhibit 208
Exhibit 209
Exhibit 210
Figure 7-14
Figure 7-15
Table 7-2: Characteristics of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi (Common Moles)
Figure 7-16
Figure 7-17
Figure 7-18
Dysplastic Nevi
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Skin examination
Biopsy
Dermatoscopy
Histopathology
Management
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 7-19
Table 7-3: Comparison of Benign Acquired Melanocytic Nevi and Dysplastic Nevi
Figure 7-20
Melanoma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Superficial spreading melanoma
Nodular melanomas
Lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma
Acral melanomas
Diagnostics
Biopsy
Histopathology
Sentinel lymph node biopsy
Management
Modalities
Chemotherapy
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 7-21
Figure 7-22
Figure 7-23
Figure 7-24
Figure 7-25
Figure 7-26
Figure 7-27
Figure 7-28
Figure 7-29
Readings
Chapter 8: Precancerous and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers
Chapter 8 Introduction
Precancerous Lesions
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Local therapy
Field therapy
Special Consideration
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 8-1
Figure 8-2
Figure 8-3
Figure 8-4
Figure 8-5
Table 8-1: Treatment Modalities for Actinic Keratoses
Table 8-2: Topical Actinic Keratoses Immunotherapy
Figure 8-6
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Subtypes of SCC
Diagnosis
Management
Immunotherapy
Surgical excision
Mohs micrographic surgery
Radiation therapy
Special Consideration
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 8-7
Table 8-3: Characteristics of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer.
Figure 8-8
Figure 8-9
Figure 8-10
Figure 8-11
Figure 8-12
Figure 8-13
Figure 8-14
Figure 8-15
Figure 8-16
Figure 8-17
Table 8-4: Surgical Excision versus Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Figure 8-18
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Basal cell carcinoma subtypes
Diagnostics
Management
Low-risk basal cell carcinoma
High-risk basal cell carcinoma
Radiation therapy
Special Consideration
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 8-19
Figure 8-20
Figure 8-21
Figure 8-22
Figure 8-23
Figure 8-24
Figure 8-25
Figure 8-26
Figure 8-27
Figure 8-28
Other Cutaneous Malignancies
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Atypical Fibroxanthoma
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma
Sebaceous Carcinoma
Figure 8-29
Figure 8-30
Figure 8-31
Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas
Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Sezary syndrome
Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma
Figure 8-32
Figure 8-33
Readings
Chapter 9: Superficial Bacterial Infections
Chapter 9 Introduction
Antibiotic Selection
Topical Antibiotics
Systemic Antibiotics
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Macrolides
Quinolones
Tetracycline
Miscellaneous Drugs
Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
Impetigo
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Special considerations
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Folliculitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Cellulitis and Erysipelas
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Special considerations
Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infection
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special considerations
Patient education and follow-up
Referral and consultation
Abscesses, Furuncles, and Carbuncles
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special considerations
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Necrotizing Fasciitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 9-1
Figure 9-2
Table 9-1: NCAA Guidelines for Skin Infections and Return to Play
Figure 9-3
Table 9-2: Differential Diagnosis of Cellulitis and Erysipelas
Figure 9-4
Figure 9-5
Figure 9-6
Figure 9-7
Figure 9-8
Table 9-3: Management of Recurrent MRSA Infection
Figure 9-9
Figure 9-10
Figure 9-11
Figure 9-12
Figure 9-13
Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
Pseudomonas Folliculitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Management
Patient education and follow-up
Erythrasma
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Patient education and follow-up
Interdigital Toe Infection
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Patient education and follow-up
Pitted Keratolysis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 9-14
Figure 9-15
Figure 9-16
Figure 9-17
Readings
Chapter 10: Viral Infections
Chapter 10 Introduction
Warts
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Common warts (verruca vulgaris)
Flat warts (verruca plana)
Plantar warts (verruca plantaris)
Anogenital warts and condylomata acuminata
Diagnostics
Management
Destructive therapies
Immune-based therapies
Advanced therapies
Referral and Consultation
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 10-1
Figure 10-2
Figure 10-3
Figure 10-4
Figure 10-5
Table 10-1: First- and Second-line Treatment Options for Warts
Molluscum Contagiosum
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 10-6
Figure 10-7
Figure 10-8
Figure 10-9
Herpes Simplex Virus
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Orolabial herpes
Herpes gladiatorum
Herpetic whitlow
Herpetic keratoconjunctivitis
Genital herpes
Eczema herpeticum
Diagnostics
Management
Acyclovir
Valacyclovir and famciclovir
Primary or initial infection
Recurrent infection
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 10-10
Figure 10-11
Figure 10-12
Figure 10-13
Table 10-2: Oral Therapy for HSV Infections in Immunocompetent Patients
Figure 10-14
Herpes Zoster
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Disseminated herpes zoster
Ophthalmic herpes zoster
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Post herpetic neuralgia
Zostavax
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 10-15
Figure 10-16
Figure 10-17
Figure 10-18
Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Primary infection/acute retroviral syndrome
HIV-associated pruritus
HIV-associated neoplasia
Diagnostics
Management
Prophylaxis
Follicular eruptions
Nonfollicular eruptions
Kaposi sarcoma
Referral
Special Considerations
Prognosis
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 10-19
Figure 10-20
Figure 10-21
Figure 10-22
Readings
Chapter 11: Benign Neoplasms
Chapter 11 Introduction
Seborrheic Keratosis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 11-1
Figure 11-2
Sebaceous Hyperplasia
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Special Considerations
Figure 11-3
Syringoma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 11-4
Skin Tags
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 11-5
Figure 11-6
Fibrous Papules
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 11-7
Neurofibroma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 11-8
Figure 11-9
Prurigo Nodularis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Figure 11-10
Dermatofibroma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 11-11
Corns and Calluses
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Figure 11-12
Figure 11-13
Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 11-14
Figure 11-15
Chondrodermatitis Nodularis Chronica Helicis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Epidermoid Cyst
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 11-16
Figure 11-17
Milia/Milium
Clinical Presentation
Management
Special Considerations
Figure 11-18
Digital Myxoid Cyst
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Figure 11-19
Lipomas
Clinical Presentation
Management
Referral and Consultation
Xanthoma/Xanthelasma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 11-20
Mucocele
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Figure 11-21
Cherry Angiomas
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Special Considerations
Figure 11-22
Venous Lake
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Figure 11-23
Pyogenic Granuloma
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 11-24
Readings
Chapter 12: Superficial Fungal Infections
Chapter 12 Introduction
Diagnostics
Antifungal Agents
Topicals
Systemics
Table 12-1: Comparing Effectiveness of Topical Antifungals on Types of Organisms
Table 12-2: Systemic Antifungal Agents for Treatment of Superficial Cutaneous Fungal Infections
Dermatophytes
Pathophysiology
Subtypes of Tinea
Tinea pedis
Tinea cruris
Tinea corporis
Tinea manuum
Tinea faciei
Tinea barbae
Tinea capitis
Figure 12-1
Figure 12-2
Figure 12-3
Figure 12-4
Figure 12-5
Figure 12-6
Figure 12-7
Figure 12-8
Figure 12-9
Figure 12-10
Figure 12-11
Figure 12-12
Associated Skin Findings
Id Reaction
Tinea Incognito
Candidiasis Infection
Pathophysiology
Oral candidiasis
Intertriginous candidiasis
Candida balanitis
Vulvovaginal candidiasis
Diaper candidiasis
Figure 12-13
Figure 12-14
Figure 12-15
Figure 12-16
Figure 12-17
Figure 12-18
Table 12-3: Classification and Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VCC)
Pityrosporum
Pathophysiology
Tinea versicolor
Pityrosporum folliculitis
Figure 12-19
Figure 12-20
Figure 12-21
Nail Infections
Dermatophytes
Distal/lateral subungual onychomycosis
Superficial white onychomycosis
Proximal subungual onychomycosis
Candida
Management
Figure 12-22
Figure 12-23
Figure 12-24
Special Considerations
Pregnancy
Geriatrics
Pediatrics
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education
Follow-up
Readings
Chapter 13: Infestations, Stings, and Bites
Chapter 13 Introduction
Scabies
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Crusted (Norwegian) scabies
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 13-1
Figure 13-2
Figure 13-3
Figure 13-4
Table 13-1: Prescribed Medications for Treatment of Scabies
Figure 13-5
Pediculosis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Head lice
Body lice
Pubic lice
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 13-6
Figure 13-7
Table 13-2: Medication Options for Pediculosis Capitis and Pubis
Tick Bites
Lyme Disease
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special considerations
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special considerations
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 13-8
Figure 13-9
Table 13-3: Physical Characteristics of I. scapularis
Figure 13-10
Figure 13-11
Table 13-4: Stages of Lyme Disease and Clinical Manifestations
Figure 13-12
Table 13-5: Diagnostics in Lyme Disease
Figure 13-13
Figure 13-14
Figure 13-15
Figure 13-16
Bedbugs
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 13-17
Figure 13-18
Figure 13-19
Spider Bites
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Black widow spider bite
Brown recluse bite
Diagnostics
Management
Black widow spider bite
Brown recluse bite
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 13-20
Figure 13-21
Figure 13-22
Dog, Cat, and Human Bites
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Dog bites
Cat bites
Human bites
Diagnostics
Management
Wound care
Immunization
Antibiotics
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Table 13-6: Oral Antibiotics Used in Dog, Cat, and Human Bites
Cat-Scratch Disease
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Readings
Chapter 14: Disorders of Hair and Nails
Chapter 14 Introduction
Disorders of Hair
Types of Hair
Hair Growth Cycle
Figure 14-1
Figure 14-2
Hair Loss
Table 14-1: Characteristics of Alopecia for Differential Diagnosis
Table 14-2: Evaluation of Hair Loss: History
Nonscarring Alopecia—Diffuse
Male Pattern Hair Loss
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Management
Female Pattern Hair Loss
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Management
Referral and consultation
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Telogen Effluvium
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Anagen Effluvium
Figure 14-3
Figure 14-4
Figure 14-5
Figure 14-6
Nonscarring Alopecia—Localized
Alopecia Areata
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Trichotillomania
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Traction Alopecia
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special considerations
Figure 14-7
Figure 14-8
Figure 14-9
Figure 14-10
Scarring Alopecia—Localized
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Central Centrifugal Scarring Alopecia
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Patient education and follow-up
Referral and consultation
Lichen Planopilaris
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Dissecting Cellulitis
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 14-11
Figure 14-12
Figure 14-13
Figure 14-14
Hair Excess
Hirsutism
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Special considerations
Hypertrichosis
Hyperhidrosis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Disorders of Nails
Common Nail Changes
Nail changes caused by infection
Nail abnormalities associated with skin disorders
Figure 14-15
Table 14-3: Common Nail Changes and Their Causes
Figure 14-16
Figure 14-17
Readings
Chapter 15: Cutaneous Manifestations of Connective Tissue Diseases and Immune-Mediated Blistering Diseases
Chapter 15 Introduction
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Pathophysiology
Acute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Chronic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Discoid lupus erythematosus
Lupus profundus
Drug-induced lupus erythematosus
Neonatal lupus erythematosus
Chilblain lupus (Lupus Pernio)
Diagnostics
Antinuclear antibodies
Autoantibodies
Histopathologic analysis
Immunofluourescence
Management
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 15-1
Figure 15-2
Figure 15-3
Figure 15-4
Figure 15-5
Figure 15-6
Figure 15-7
Figure 15-8
Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 15-9
Table 15-1: Comparative Features of Dermatomyositis and Lupus Erythematosus Skin Involvement
Figure 15-10
Scleroderma
Systemic Scleroderma
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Localized Scleroderma/Morphea
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnosis
Management
Prognosis and complications
Figure 15-11
Figure 15-12
Figure 15-13
Figure 15-14
Figure 15-15
Immune-Mediated Bullous Diseases
Pathophysiology
Diagnostics
Histopathologic analysis
Serologic testing
Table 15-2: Types of Autoimmune Bullous Diseases and Location of Blisters in the Skin
Figure 15-16
Figure 15-17
Intraepidermal (Cell-to-Cell) Blistering Disease
Pemphigus
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Subtypes
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Special considerations
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 15-18
Figure 15-19
Figure 15-20
Figure 15-21
Subepidermal (Cell-to-Matrix) Blistering Diseases
Bullous Pemphigoid
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Variants
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Linear IgA Disease
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 15-22
Figure 15-23
Figure 15-24
Figure 15-25
Figure 15-26
Figure 15-27
Figure 15-28
Miscellaneous Autoimmune Blistering Diseases
Epidermal Bullosa Acquisita
Bullous Eruption of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Readings
Chapter 16: Vasculitis and Hypersensitivity
Chapter 16 Introduction
Vasculitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Special Considerations
Childhood vasculitis
Table 16-1: Small-Vessel Vasculidities
Table 16-2: Medium- and Large-Vessel Vasculitides (Other Than Small Vessel)
Figure 16-1
Table 16-3: Cutaneous Vasculitis: Causes and Precipitating Agents
Figure 16-2
Table 16-4: Terminology
Figure 16-3
Figure 16-4
Figure 16-5
Figure 16-6
Table 16-5: Assessment of the Patient with Cutaneous Vasculitis
Figure 16-7
Figure 16-8
Table 16-6: Clinial Criteria for the Diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease
Figure 16-9
Figure 16-10
Pigmented Purpuric Dermatoses
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 16-11
Figure 16-12
Urticaria
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Ordinary urticaria
Acute urticaria
Chronic urticaria
Physical urticarias
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Table 16-7: Identifiable Causes of Urticaria
Figure 16-13
Figure 16-14
Figure 16-15
Figure 16-16
Figure 16-17
Figure 16-18
Figure 16-19
Figure 16-20
Angioedema
Clinical Presentation
Angioedema with wheals
Angioedema without wheals
Diagnostics
Management
Figure 16-21
Figure 16-22
Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Figure 16-23
Erythema Multiforme
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Table 16-8: Spectrum Comparison for Erythema Multiforme Minor, Erythema Multiforme Major, and Stevens–
Johnson Syndrome
Figure 16-24
Figure 16-25
Figure 16-26
Erythema Nodosum
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Table 16-9: Causes of Erythema Nodosum
Figure 16-27
Figure 16-28
Readings
Chapter 17: Cutaneous Drug Eruptions
Chapter 17 Introduction
Adverse Drug Reactions
Risk Factors
Pathophysiology
Immune-mediated reactions
Nonimmunologic reactions
Idiosyncratic reactions
History
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Patient Education and Follow-up
Cutaneous Drug Reaction Patterns
Exanthematous Drug Reactions
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 17-1
Fixed Drug Eruption
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 17-2
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Prognosis and Complications
Figure 17-3
Table 17-1: Comparison of Common Adverse Drug Reaction Patterns
Urticaria and Angioedema
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Photosensitivity Drug Reactions
Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic epidermal Necrolysis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 17-4
Figure 17-5
Figure 17-6
Table 17-2: Comparison of Erythema Multiforme, Stevens–Johnson Syndrome, and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Drug-Induced Lupus
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 17-7
Red Man Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Corticosteroid-Induced Acne
Drug-Induced Dyspigmentation
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Figure 17-8
Figure 17-9
Vasculitis
Figure 17-10
Readings
Chapter 18: Pigmentation and Light-Related Dermatoses
Chapter 18 Introduction
Biology of Pigmentation
Disorders of Pigment Loss
Vitiligo
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special considerations
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Pityriasis Alba
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Idiopathic Guttate Hypomelanosis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 18-1
Figure 18-2
Figure 18-3
Figure 18-4
Figure 18-5
Disorders of Pigment Excess
Melasma
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Management
Special considerations
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Café au Lait Macules
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Erythema Ab Igne
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Confluent and Reticulated Papillomatosis of Gougerot and Carteaud
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Patient education and follow-up
Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 18-6
Figure 18-7
Figure 18-8
Figure 18-9
Figure 18-10
Photodermatoses
Phototoxic Reaction
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Phytophotodermatitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Photoallergy
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Polymorphous Light Eruption
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complication
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 18-11
Figure 18-12
Figure 18-13
Readings
Chapter 19: Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Diseases
Chapter 19 Introduction
Pruritus
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Renal causes
Hepatic causes
Neuropathic causes
Psychodermatoses
Malignancy
Human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS
Diagnostics
Management
Topical therapy
Systemic therapy
Other therapies
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Table 19-1: Drugs Associated with Pruritus
Figure 19-1
Figure 19-2
Figure 19-3
Table 19-2: Diseases Associated with Pruritus
Figure 19-4
Exhibit 625
Exhibit 626
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 19-5
Porphyria
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 19-6
Figure 19-7
Figure 19-8
Figure 19-9
Pseudoporphyria
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Lichen Planus
Perforating Dermatoses
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 19-10
Calciphylaxis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 19-11
Diabetes Melitus
Acanthosis Nigricans
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Necrobiosis Lipoidica
Granuloma Annulare
Diabetic Dermopathy
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Diabetic Bullae
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 19-12
Figure 19-13
Figure 19-14
Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complication
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Table 19-3: Cutaneous Symptoms of Thyroid Dysfunction and Initial Workup
Figure 19-15
Internal Malignancies
Carcinoid Syndrome
Exfoliative Erythroderma
Sign of Leser–Trélat
Sister Mary Joseph Nodule
Table 19-4: Cutaneous Lesions and Internal Malignancy—Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Figure 19-16
Figure 19-17
Figure 19-18
Readings
Chapter 20: Granulomatous and Neutrophilic Disorders
Chapter 20 Introduction
Noninfectious Granulomatous Disorders
Granuloma Annulare
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special considerations
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Actinic Granuloma (of O’Brien)
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Foreign-Body Granuloma
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Necrobiosis Lipoidica
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Management
Special considerations
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Cutaneous Sarcoidosis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Subtypes
Diagnostics
Management
Special considerations
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 20-1
Figure 20-2
Figure 20-3
Figure 20-4
Figure 20-5
Figure 20-6
Figure 20-7
Figure 20-8
Figure 20-9
Figure 20-10
Neutrophilic Dermatoses
Sweet Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Subtypes
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Behçet Disease
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Special consideration
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 20-11
Figure 20-12
Figure 20-13
Figure 20-14
Figure 20-15
Readings
Chapter 21: Genital Dermatoses
Chapter 21 Introduction
Genitalia
Female
Male
Hygiene
Figure 21-1
Genital Herpes Virus
Pathophysiology
Transmission
Clinical Presentation
Primary infection
First nonprimary infection
Recurrent infection
Diagnostics
Management
Supportive care
Medications
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Referral and Consultation
Figure 21-2
Figure 21-3
Genital Human Papillomavirus
Transmission
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Vaccination
Destructive Therapies
Physical destruction
Chemical destruction
Immune-based therapy
Special Considerations
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 21-4
Figure 21-5
Figure 21-6
Figure 21-7
Figure 21-8
Figure 21-9
Genital Pruritus
Eczema
Atopic Dermatitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and complications
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Irritant Dermatitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Patient education and follow-up
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and consultation
Patient education and follow-up
Figure 21-10
Figure 21-11
Figure 21-12
Figure 21-13
Figure 21-14
Figure 21-15
Candidiasis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 21-16
Figure 21-17
Lichen Planus
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Prognosis and Complications
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 21-18
Figure 21-19
Lichen Sclerosis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostics
Management
Referral and Consultation
Prognosis and Complications
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 21-20
Figure 21-21
Figure 21-22
Figure 21-23
Figure 21-24
Readings
Chapter 22: Wound Care
Chapter 22 Introduction
Wound Healing
Phases of Wound Healing
Inflammatory phase
Proliferative phase
Remodeling phase
Complications
Figure 22-1
Pressure Ulcers
Clinical Presentation
Management
Stage I pressure ulcers
Advanced pressure ulcers (stages II–IV)
Unstageable pressure ulcers
Suspected deep tissue injuries
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Table 22-1: Pressure Ulcer Stages
Exhibit 711
Figure 22-2
Venous Ulcers
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 22-3
Exhibit 715
Figure 22-4
Arterial Ulcers
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 22-5
Mixed Insufficiency
Figure 22-6
Neuropathic Ulcers
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Management
Referral and Consultation
Patient Education and Follow-up
Figure 22-7
Figure 22-8
Wound Environment
Bioburden
Wound Culture
Nutrition
Figure 22-9
Wound Documentation
Table 22-2: Selected Wound Assessment Parameters
Basic Dressing Concepts
Table 22-3: Dressing Categories
Wound Care Specialists
Readings
Chapter 23: Aging Skin: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment
Chapter 23 Introduction
Beauty at a Glance
The Dermatology Landscape
FDA Intervention in Aesthetic Devices
FDA Labeling
Table 23-1: Cosmetic Minimally Invasive Procedures Performed in the United States
Figure 23-1
Anatomic and Physiologic Impacts on the Aging Process
Figure 23-2
Table 23-2: Classification of Photoaging
Figure 23-3
Figure 23-4
Ultraviolet Radiation
Pathophysiology of Photoaging
Sun protection
Vitamin D synthesis
Other Damaging Effects from UVR
Ocular damage
Immunosuppression
Skin cancer
Figure 23-5
Figure 23-6
Figure 23-7
Figure 23-8
Table 23-3: Signs of Photoaging
Figure 23-9
The Aging Face
Facial Assessment
Wrinkles
Figure 23-10
Figure 23-11
Figure 23-12
Figure 23-13
Figure 23-14
Therapeutic Interventions
Topical Retinoids
Retinoic acid
Clinical Pharmacology
Retinol
Azeleic acid
Alpha-Hydroxy Acids
Chemical Peels
Aesthetic Services
Microdermabrasion
Dermabrasion
Laser resurfacing
Intense pulse light
Figure 23-15
Figure 23-16
Soft Tissue Augmention
Avoiding Adverse Events
Patient Education and Follow-up
Table 23-4: FDA-Approved Soft Tissue Augmentation Devices
Figure 23-17
Figure 23-18
Figure 23-19
Figure 23-20
Neurotoxins
Readings
Chapter 24: Procedural Skills
Chapter 24 Introduction
Punch Biopsy
Author:
Description
Indications
Contraindications
Equipment
Preparation
Procedure
Anticipated Outcomes
Aftercare
Figure 24-1
Figure 24-2
Figure 24-3
Shave Biopsy
Author:
Description
Indications
Contraindications
Equipment
Preparation
Procedure
Anticipated Outcomes
Aftercare
Figure 24-4
Skin Tag Removal
Author:
Description
Indications
Equipment
Preparation
Procedures
Scissor removal
Shave removal
Hyfrecation
Liquid nitrogen
Anticipated Outcomes
Aftercare
Figure 24-5
Figure 24-6
Liquid Nitrogen Cryotherapy
Author:
Description
Indications
Contraindications
Equipment
Procedure
Actinic keratosis
Anticipated Outcomes
Aftercare
Figure 24-7
Figure 24-8
Figure 24-9
Figure 24-10
Cantharidin
Author:
Description
Indications
Contraindications
Equipment
Procedure
Anticipated Outcome
Aftercare
Figure 24-11
Topical Salicylic Acid
Author:
Description
Indications (for Use at Home)
Contraindications
Equipment
Procedure
Anticipated Outcomes
Aftercare
Potassium Hydroxide Preparation
Author:
Description
Indications
Contraindications
Equipment
Procedure
Skin, nails, and hair
Anticipated Outcome
Aftercare
Figure 24-12
Figure 24-13
Fungal Culture
Author:
Description
Indications
Contraindications
Equipment
Procedure
Skin specimens
Nail specimens
Hair specimens
Scalp specimens
Anticipated Outcome
Aftercare
Figure 24-14
Wood Lamp Examination
Author:
Description
Indications
Equipment
Procedure
Anticipated Outcome
Aftercare
Figure 24-15
Mineral Oil Prep
Author:
Description
Indications
Equipment
Procedure
Anticipated Outcome
Aftercare
Figure 24-16
Readings
Appendix
Remarks