Part I: Basic Tools in Evaluation of Cardiac Patients
Chapter 1. History and Physical Examination
I History Taking
II Physical Examination
Chapter 2. Electrocardiography
A. Vectorial Approach to The ECG
C. Routine Interpretation
D. Atrial Hypertrophy
E. Ventricular Hypertrophy
F. Ventricular Conduction Disturbances
G. Pathologic ST-Segment and T-Wave Changes
H. Electrolyte Disturbances
Chapter 3. Chest Roentgenography
I. Heart Size and Silhouette
II. Cardiac Chambers and Great Arteries
III. Pulmonary Vascular Markings
IV. Systematic Approach
Part II: Special Tools Used in Cardiac Evaluation
Chapter 4. Noninvasive Imaging Tools
I. Echocardiography
II. Other Echocardiographic Techniques
III. Radiologic Techniques
Chapter 5. Other Noninvasive Tools
I. Exercise Stress Testing
II. Other Stress Testing Protocols
III. Long-Term ECG Recording
IV. Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
Chapter 6. Invasive Procedures
I. Cardiac Catheterization and Angiocardiography
II. Catheter Intervention Procedures
Part III: Congenital Heart Defects
Chapter 7. Left-to-Right Shunt Lesions
I. Atrial Septal Defect (Ostium Secundum ASD)
II. Ventricular Septal Defect
III. Patent Ductus Arteriosus
IV. Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Neonates
V. Complete Endocardial Cushion Defect (Complete Av Canal)
VI. Partial Endocardial Cushion Defect (Ostium Primum ASD)
VII. Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
Chapter 8. Obstructive Lesions
I. Pulmonary Stenosis
II. Aortic Stenosis
III. Coarctation of the Aorta
IV. Interrupted Aortic Arch
V. Pulmonary Artery Stenosis
Chapter 9. Cyanotic Congenital Heart Defects
A. CYANOSIS
B. CRITICAL CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE (CCHD) SCREENING
C. CYANOTIC CARDIAC DEFECTS
Chapter 10. Miscellaneous Congenital Heart Diseases
I. Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery (Bland-White-Garland Syndrome, Alcapa Syndrome)
II. Aortopulmonary Septal Defect
III. Arteriovenous Fistula, Coronary
IV. Arteriovenous Fistula, Pulmonary
V. Arteriovenous Fistula, Systemic
VI. Cor Triatriatum
VII. Dextrocardia and Mesocardia
VIII. Hemitruncus Arteriosus
IX. Mitral Stenosis, Congenital
X. Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
XI. Systemic Venous Anomalies
XII. Vascular Ring
Part IV: Acquired Heart Diseases
Chapter 11. Primary Myocardial Diseases (Cardiomyopathy)
I. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
II. Dilated (Congestive) Cardiomyopathy
III. Doxorubicin Cardiomyopathy
IV. Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
V. Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
VI. Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy
Chapter 12. Cardiovascular Infections and Related Conditions
I. Infective Endocarditis (Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis)
II. Myocarditis
III. Pericarditis
IV. Constrictive Pericarditis
V. Kawasaki Disease
VI. ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER
Chapter 13. Valvular Heart Disease
I Mitral Stenosis
II Mitral Regurgitation
III Aortic Regurgitation
IV Mitral Valve Prolapse
Chapter 14. Cardiac Tumors
I. Prevalence
II. Pathology
III. Clinical Manifestations
IV. Diagnostic Procedures
V. Management
Chapter 15. Cardiovascular Involvement in Systemic Diseases
I 22q11 Deletion Syndrome (DIgeorge Syndrome)
II Friedreich Ataxia
III Hyperthyroidism: Congenital and Acquired
IV Hypothyroidism: Congenital and Acquired
V Infants of Diabetic Mothers
VI Marfan Syndrome
VII Mucopolysaccharidoses
VIII Muscular Dystrophy
IX Myotonic Dystrophy
X Noonan Syndrome
XI Rheumatoid Arthritis
XII Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
XIII Turner Syndrome
XIV Williams Syndrome
Part V: Arrhythmias and Atrioventricular Conduction Disturbances
Chapter 16. Cardiac Arrhythmias
I. Rhythms Originating in the Sinus Node
II. Rhythms Originating in the Atrium
III. Rhythms Originating in the AV Node
IV. Supraventricular Tachycardia
V. Rhythms Originating in the Ventricle
Chapter 17. Atrioventricular Conduction Disturbances
I. First-Degree AV Block
II. Second-Degree AV Block
III. Third-Degree AV Block (Complete Heart Block)
IV. Atrioventricular Dissociation
Chapter 18. Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
I. Pacemakers in Children
II. Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
III. Living with A Pacemaker or ICD
Part VI: Special Problems
Chapter 19. Congestive Heart Failure
Chapter 20. Child With Chest Pain
I. Cause and Prevalence
II. Diagnostic Approach
III. Stepped Approach to Diagnosis
IV. Referral to A Cardiologist
V. Treatment
Chapter 21. Syncope
I. Definition
II. Prevalence and Causes
III. Description of Different Causes of Syncope
IV. Evaluation of a Child with Syncope
V. Treatment
VI. Differential Diagnosis of Syncope
Chapter 22. Palpitation
I. Definition
II. Causes
III. Evaluation
IV. Management
Chapter 23. Systemic Hypertension
I. Definition
II. Normative BP Standards
III. Causes of Hypertension
IV. Diagnosis of Hypertension
V. Evaluation for Causes of Hypertension
VI. Management of Essential Hypertension
VII. Treatment of Secondary Hypertension
Chapter 24. Pulmonary Hypertension
I. Definition
II. Causes
III. Pathophysiology
IV. Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Hypertension
V. Pathology
VI. Clinical Manifestations
VII. Diagnosis
VIII. Management
Chapter 25. Athletes With Cardiac Problems
I. Sudden Cardiac Death In Young Athletes
II. Classification Of Sports
III. Eligibility Determination Of Athletes With Cardiovascular Diseases
IV. Athletes With Systemic Hypertension
Chapter 26. Dyslipidemias
I. Diagnosis of Dyslipidemia
II. Normal Levels of Lipids and Lipoproteins
III. Classification of Dyslipidemia
IV. Lipid Screening
V. What to Do With the Results of Screening
VI. Management of Hypercholesterolemia
VII. Hypertriglyceridemia
VIII. Low HDL Level
Chapter 27. Pediatric Preventive Cardiology
I. Cardiovascular Risk Factors
II. Metabolic Syndrome
III. Obesity
IV. Cigarette Smoking
V. Practice of Preventive Cardiology
Part VII: Cardiac Surgical Patients
Chapter 28. Pre- and Postoperative Management
I. Preoperative Management
II. Postoperative Care of Cardiac Patients
Chapter 29. Selected Postoperative Complications
I. Pleural Effusion
II. Paralysis of the Diaphragm
III. Postpericardiotomy Syndrome
IV. Postcoarctectomy Hypertension
V. Protein-Losing Enteropathy
VI. Fontan-Associated Liver Disease
VII. Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia
Appendices
Appendix A. Miscellaneous
Appendix B. Blood Pressure Standards
Appendix C. Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Appendix D. Normal Echocardiographic Values
Appendix E. Dosages of Drugs Used in Pediatric Cardiology
Index
Conf idence is ClinicalKey