Josephson's Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology-6판

ATRIUM
ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE
HIS BUNDLE
INFRA-HIS CONDUCTION SYSTEM
PAROXYSMAL A-V BLOCK
VALUE OF INTRACARDIAC STUDIES IN THE EVALUATION OF A-V CONDUCTION DISTURBANCES
SUPPRESSION OF A-V CONDUCTION BY VENTRICULAR STIMULATION
THERAPEUTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Chapter 4 Intraventricular Conduction Disturbances
DEFINITIONS
SITE OF “BLOCK” OR CONDUCTION DELAY DURING BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK
Chronic Right Bundle Branch Block
Left Bundle Branch Block
Transient Bundle Branch Block
CLINICAL RELEVANCE OF INTRAVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION DISTURBANCES
Role of Electrophysiologic Studies in Predicting Risk of Heart Block
Methods to Identify Patients at Risk of Developing A-V Block
Alternating Bundle Branch Block
Syncope and Sudden Death in Patients With Bundle Branch Block
THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS

Chapter 5 Miscellaneous Phenomena Related to Atrioventricular Conduction
CONCEALED CONDUCTION
GAP PHENOMENON
SUPERNORMAL CONDUCTION

Chapter 6 Ectopic Rhythms and Premature Depolarizations
ATRIAL DEPOLARIZATIONS
JUNCTIONAL (HIS BUNDLE OR A-V NODAL) DEPOLARIZATIONS
FASCICULAR DEPOLARIZATIONS
VENTRICULAR DEPOLARIZATIONS

Chapter 7 Supraventricular Tachycardias
MECHANISMS OF SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
METHODS OF EVALUATION
SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA RESULTING FROM ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODAL REENTRY
Mechanisms of Initiation of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry
Determinants for the Induction of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry
Atrial Activation Sequence and the P–QRS Relationship During Supraventricular Tachycardia
Effect of Bundle Branch Block During Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Supraventricular Tachycardia
Requirement of the Atrium and Ventricle
SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA RESULTING FROM CONCEALED ATRIOVENTRICULAR BYPASS TRACTS
Mechanism of Initiation
Effects of Pharmacologic and Physiologic Maneuvers During Supraventricular Tachycardia
SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA RESULTING FROM INTRA-ATRIAL OR SINUS NODE REENTRY
AUTOMATIC ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA
ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA DUE TO TRIGGERED ACTIVITY
DISTINGUISHING ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA FROM AVNRT AND AVRT
MULTIPLE SVT MECHANISMS IN INDIVIDUAL PATIENTS
OVERVIEW

Chapter 8 Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC AND ANATOMIC SUBSTRATES OF MACROREENTRANT ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA AND FIBRILLATION
Conduction Defects in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter
Atrial Refractoriness
Atrial Vulnerability
Modern Studies of the Electrophysiologic and Anatomic Substrate of Atrial Fibrillation
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Mapping During Atrial Fibrillation
Stimulation During Atrial Fibrillation
Relationship Between Atrial Flutter and Fibrillation
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC MECHANISMS OF ATRIAL FLUTTER
Induction of Atrial Flutter
Characterization of the Reentrant Circuit in Atrial Flutter
Termination of Atrial Flutter
Effects of Pharmacologic Agents on Reentrant Atrial Flutter
Atrioventricular Conduction During Flutter
SUMMARY

Chapter 9 Preexcitation Syndromes
ATRIOVENTRICULAR BYPASS TRACTS
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC PROPERTIES OF A-V BYPASS TRACTS
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC EVALUATION IN PATIENTS WITH WOLFF–PARKINSON–WHITE SYNDROME
Diagnosis of an A-V Bypass Tract
MODE OF INITIATION OF TACHYCARDIAS
ORTHODROMIC TACHYCARDIA
PREEXCITED TACHYCARDIAS
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
LOCALIZATION OF THE BYPASS TRACT
RELATION OF LOCAL VENTRICULAR ELECTROGRAMS TO DELTA WAVE
PACING FROM MULTIPLE ATRIAL SITES
RETROGRADE ATRIAL ACTIVATION
EFFECT OF BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK DURING ORTHODROMIC TACHYCARDIA
DIRECT RECORDING OF BYPASS TRACT POTENTIALS
ROLE OF THE BYPASS TRACT IN GENESIS OF ARRHYTHMIAS
DETERMINATION OF THE ANTEGRADE REFRACTORY PERIOD OF THE BYPASS TRACT
INTERMITTENT PREEXCITATION
EFFECT OF ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENTS ON PREEXCITATION
EXERCISE TESTING IN WOLFF–PARKINSON–WHITE SYNDROME
DETERMINATION OF THE ANTEGRADE REFRACTORY PERIOD OF THE BYPASS TRACT BY PROGRAMMED STIMULATION
TERMINATION OF ORTHODROMIC TACHYCARDIA
MULTIPLE BYPASS TRACTS
ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODAL “BYPASS TRACTS”—THE LOWN–GANONG–LEVINE SYNDROME
Electrophysiologic Properties
Atrial Pacing
Response to Atrial Premature Depolarizations
Ventriculoatrial Conduction
Response to Pharmacologic and Physiologic Maneuvers
Role of the Bypass Tract in Arrhythmias
Therapeutic Implications
ACCESSORY PATHWAYS WITH ANTEROGRADE DECREMENTAL CONDUCTION AND FASCICULOVENTRICULAR PATHWAYS
Slowly Conducting Accessory Pathways
Electrophysiologic Manifestations
Atriofascicular and Long Atrioventricular Bypass Tracts
Short Slowly Conducting Atrioventricular Bypass Tracts
Nodofascicular and Nodoventricular Bypass Tracts
Tachycardias Associated With Atriofascicular, Slowly Conducting A-V, Nodofascicular, and Nodoventricular Bypass Tracts
Therapeutic Implications
Fasciculoventricular Bypass Tracts

Chapter 10 Recurrent Ventricular Tachycardia
DEFINITIONS OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIAS
Morphology
Duration
CLASSIFICATION OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA QRS COMPLEXES
DIAGNOSIS OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
Use of His Bundle Recordings in Diagnosing Ventricular Tachycardia
PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC SUBSTRATE FOR VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS
Anatomic Substrate
Electrophysiologic Substrate
MECHANISMS OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
Initiation of Ventricular Tachycardias
Initiation of Sustained Uniform Ventricular Tachycardia
Initiation of Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia–Ventricular Fibrillation
Initiation of Monomorphic Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia
Response of Sustained Uniform Ventricular Tachycardia to Stimulation
Protocol for Stimulation During Sustained VT
Response of Ventricular Tachycardia to Overdrive Pacing—Continuous Resetting (Entrainment)
EFFECT OF DRUGS ON VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
LOCALIZATION OF THE SITE OF ORIGIN OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
General Methods of Catheter Mapping
Relationship of Mapping Data to Heart Disease
Sinus Rhythm Mapping
Relationship of QRS Morphologies to Sites of Origin of Tachycardias
Role of Pace Mapping in Determining the Site of Origin of Ventricular Tachycardia
VENTRICULAR STIMULATION IN MISCELLANEOUS DISORDERS

Chapter 11 Catheter and Surgical Ablation in the Therapy of Arrhythmias
BIOPHYSICS OF CURRENT ABLATION TECHNIQUES
Direct Current Ablation
Irreversible Electroporation (Pulsed Electrical Field Ablation)
Radiofrequency Energy
Novel Concepts in RF ablation
Laser Ablation
Cryoablation
Ultrasound
CONTROL OF SUPRAVENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS BY ABLATIVE TECHNIQUES
Ablation of Atrioventricular Bypass Tracts and Variants of Preexcitation
Localization of Bypass Tracts
Catheter Ablation of Bypass Tracts
Ablation of Preexcitation Variants
Complications of Procedures
Ablation of the A-V Junction for Ventricular Rate Control During Atrial Tachyarrhythmias
Catheter Ablation Techniques to Treat A-V Nodal Tachycardia
SURGICAL AND CATHETER ABLATION TECHNIQUES TO MANAGE OTHER ATRIAL ARRHYTHMIAS
Ablation of Atrial Tachycardia
Ablation of Typical Atrial Flutter and Other Macroreentrant Atrial Arrhythmias
SURGICAL AND CATHETER-BASED ABLATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR TREATMENT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Role of Linear Lesions to the Atrial Roof and/or Mitral Annulus
Ablation of Complex Fractionated Electrograms
Stepwise Ablation (Ablation to Termination of Persistent AF)
Additional Ablation After PVI
Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
CONTROL OF VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS BY ABLATIVE TECHNIQUES
Role of the ECG in Localization of Tachycardias
Mapping Techniques for Ventricular Tachycardia
Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia Associated With Coronary Artery Disease
Role of Catheter Ablation in the Treatment of Ventricular Tachycardia Associated With Nonischemic Left Ventricular
Cardiomyopathy
Role of Catheter Ablation in the Treatment of Ventricular Tachycardia Associated With Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
The Role of Catheter Mapping and Ablation of Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardias
Catheter Ablation of Miscellaneous Ventricular Tachycardias
Intraoperative Mapping and Surgical Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardias
Intraoperative Mapping Techniques for Ventricular Tachycardia
Surgical Treatment for Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Results of Surgery
Ventricular Tachycardia Unassociated With Coronary Artery Disease


CONCLUSION
Index