Ultrasound for Primary Care-1판

PART I INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1 Ultrasound Basics: Physics, Transducers, Conventions, Terminology, and Artifacts
BASIC ULTRASOUND PHYSICS
What is Ultrasound
How Does An Ultrasound Imaging Device Work?
ULTRASOUND TRANSDUCERS
Curvilinear Sequential Array Transducer
Linear Sequential Array Transducer
Phased Array Transducer
MODES OF ULTRASOUND
B-Mode/2D Mode
M-Mode
Doppler Mode
ULTRASOUND SYSTEM CONSOLE
ULTRASOUND—OTHER CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS
Gain
Depth
ULTRASOUND B-MODE/2D MODE IMAGING TERMINOLOGY
Hyperechoic
Hypoechoic
Anechoic
Isoechoic
ULTRASOUND ARTIFACTS
B-Mode Artifacts
Color Doppler Artifacts
ULTRASOUND SAFETY

CHAPTER 2 Point-of-Care Ultrasound Billing and Credentialing
A FORMALIZED ULTRASOUND PRACTICE PRESENCE
BECOMING COMPETENT WITH POINT-OF-CARE ULTRASOUND
REIMBURSEMENT
Complete and Limited Ultrasound Examinations
Professional and Technical Components
Billing Documentation
ULTRASOUND MACHINE PURCHASE


PART 2 ANSWERING CLINICAL QUESTIONS
SYSTEM 1 HEAD AND NECK

SECTION 1: Eyes

CHAPTER 3 Is the Patient’s Intracranial Pressure Elevated?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 4 Does the Patient Have a Retinal or Vitreous Detachment?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
Ultrasound Machine and Setting
Transducer
Gel Application
Transducer Placement and Scanning Technique
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 2: Thyroid

CHAPTER 5 Does This Thyroid Nodule Need to Be Biopsied?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 3: Lymph Node

CHAPTER 6 Is This Enlarged Lymph Node Benign Appearing?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 4: Central Nervous System

CHAPTER 7 Does This Patient Have Hydrocephalus?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References
SYSTEM 2 THORAX

SECTION 1: Cardiac

CHAPTER 8 What Is the Patient’s Left Ventricular Systolic Function?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING

CHAPTER 9 Does the Patient Have Left Ventricular Hypertrophy?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 10 Does the Patient Have a Pericardial Effusion?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Identifying and Characterizing the Effusion
Pericardial Tamponade
Pericardiocentesis
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 11 Does the Patient Have Right Heart Strain?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Assessing Right Heart Function in Chronic Pulmonary Hypertension
Assessing Right Ventricle Strain in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Standard Measurements of the Right Ventricle
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 2: Lung

CHAPTER 12 Does the Patient Have Pulmonary Edema?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 13 Does the Patient Have a Pleural Effusion?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 14 Does the Patient Have a Pneumothorax?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING

CHAPTER 15 Does the Patient Have Pneumonia?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 3: Breast

CHAPTER 16 Does the Patient’s Breast Mass Need to Be Biopsied?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References
SYSTEM 3 ABDOMEN AND PELVIS

SECTION 1: Renal

CHAPTER 17 Does the Patient Have Nephrolithiasis?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 18 Does the Patient Have Chronic Kidney Disease?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 2: Hepatobiliary
CHAPTER 19 Does the Patient Have Hepatosplenomegaly?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 20 Does the Patient Have Hepatic Steatosis?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 21 Does the Patient Have Ascites?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 22 Does the Patient Have Cholelithiasis or Cholecystitis?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 3: Bowel

CHAPTER 23 Does the Patient Have a Bowel Obstruction?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Adjunctive Ultrasound Techniques
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 24 Does the Patient Have Appendicitis?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 25 Does the Patient Have Intussusception?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

CHAPTER 26 Does the Patient Have Pyloric Stenosis?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

SECTION 4: Obstetric

CHAPTER 27 Does the Patient Have a Viable Intrauterine Pregnancy?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Ectopic Pregnancy
Definitive Intrauterine Pregnancy
Pregnancy of Unknown Location
PERFORMING THE SCAN
Transabdominal Ultrasound
Transvaginal Ultrasound
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy
Management of Ectopic Pregnancy
Diagnosing Spontaneous Abortion
Management of Spontaneous Abortion
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 28 What Is the Gestational Age?
LITERATURE REVIEW
The Big Five
PERFORMING THE SCAN
Crown-Rump Length
Full Biometry Without CRL Measurement
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 29 What Is the Status of Fetal Well-Being?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 5: Pelvis

CHAPTER 30 Does This Patient Have Testicular Torsion?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 31 How Thick Is the Patient’s Endometrial Stripe?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 32 Does the Patient Have an Adnexal Mass?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 33 What Is the Patient’s Postvoid Residual Bladder Volume?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 34 Is the Patient’s Intrauterine Device in the Proper Location?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Intrauterine Device Description
PERFORMING THE SCAN
Transabdominal Pelvic Ultrasound
Transvaginal Pelvic Ultrasound
3D Ultrasound
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References
SYSTEM 4 MUSCLES, BONES, AND SOFT TISSUE

SECTION 1: Musculoskeletal

CHAPTER 35 Does the Patient Have a Joint Effusion?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 36 Does the Patient Have a Rotator Cuff Tear?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
Before Starting Ultrasound Examination of the Rotator Cuff
Supraspinatus
Dynamic Examination for Supraspinatus Impingement
Infraspinatus and Teres Minor
Long Head of Biceps Tendon
Subscapularis
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 37 Does the Patient Have an Ankle Sprain or Fracture?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 38 Does the Patient Have Tendinopathy?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
Patella
Achilles
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 39 Is the Patient’s Arthritis From Crystal Disease?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 40 Does the Patient Have Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 2: Skin and Soft Tissue

CHAPTER 41 Does the Patient Have Cellulitis or an Abscess?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 42 Is a Foreign Body Present?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 43 Is This Soft Tissue Mass Concerning?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Normal Sonographic Anatomy of the Superficial Layers
Abnormal Sonographic Findings
Superficial Fluid Collections
Lipomas
Liposarcoma
Lymphadenopathy
Thrombosed Venous Vascular Malformation
Soft Tissue Metastases
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 44 Does the Patient Have a Hernia?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References
SYSTEM 5 VASCULAR

SECTION 1: Peripheral Venous

CHAPTER 45 Does the Patient Have a Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 2: Inferior Vena Cava

CHAPTER 46 What Is the Patient’s Central Venous Pressure?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING

SECTION 3: Aorta

CHAPTER 47 Does the Patient Have an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

SECTION 4: Carotid

CHAPTER 48 Does the Patient Have Carotid Stenosis?
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References


PART 3 COMBINING INTO PROTOCOLS

CHAPTER 49 Cardiopulmonary Limited Ultrasound Examination (CLUE)
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 50 Focused Ultrasonography in Trauma (FAST)
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 51 Rapid Ultrasound for Shock and Hypotension (RUSH)
LITERATURE REVIEW
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
Obstructive Shock
Cardiogenic Shock
Hypovolemic and Distributive Shock
BILLING
References


PART 4 PROCEDURES

CHAPTER 52 Musculoskeletal Aspirations and Injections
LITERATURE REVIEW
EQUIPMENT
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE
General Preparation Considerations for Arthrocentesis
Knee Arthrocentesis
Acromioclavicular Arthrocentesis
Hip Arthrocentesis
POSTPROCEDURE INSTRUCTIONS
COMPLICATIONS
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 53 Central Line Placement
LITERATURE REVIEW
EQUIPMENT
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE
POSTPROCEDURE INSTRUCTIONS
COMPLICATIONS
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
References

CHAPTER 54 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Thoracentesis Using Point-of-Care Ultrasound
LITERATURE REVIEW
EQUIPMENT
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE
POSTPROCEDURE INSTRUCTIONS
COMPLICATIONS
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 55 Paracentesis
LITERATURE REVIEW
EQUIPMENT
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE
Static Versus Dynamic Ultrasound for Procedural Guidance
POSTPROCEDURE INSTRUCTIONS
COMPLICATIONS
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 56 Lumbar Puncture
LITERATURE REVIEW
EQUIPMENT
INDICATIONS
Therapy
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PERFORMING THE SCAN
PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE
POSTPROCEDURE INSTRUCTIONS
COMPLICATIONS
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 57 Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Placement
LITERATURE REVIEW
Equipment
Indications
Contraindications
PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE
Complications
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 58 Core Needle Biopsy/Fine Needle Aspiration
LITERATURE REVIEW
EQUIPMENT
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE
FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION
CORE NEEDLE BIOPSY
POSTPROCEDURE INSTRUCTIONS
COMPLICATIONS
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References

CHAPTER 59 Saline Infusion Sonography
LITERATURE REVIEW
EQUIPMENT
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE
Steps
POSTPROCEDURE INSTRUCTIONS
COMPLICATIONS
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
BILLING
References


Index