Description:
Pain is an increasingly common symptom in children and adolescents. Once recurrent pain leads to pain-related
disability that affects a child’s functional, emotional and social well-being, it is considered a chronic pain
disorder. Such disorders can develop as the primary condition or be due to a well-defined underlying physical
condition, such as migraine or juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Approximately 5% of the paediatric population suffers
from a severe chronic pain disorder. Its treatment in childhood and adolescence is complex and needs to address a
variety of biological, psychological and social influencing factors.
This treatment manual describes the inpatient treatment programme of one of the world’s largest inpatient treatment
facilities for chronic pain management in children and adolescents – the German Paediatric Pain Centre. The guidance
provided is also applicable to outpatient pain management or day-hospital approaches.
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The manual examines the epidemiology, aetiology, diagnostics and treatment principles in detail, explains the criteria
for inpatient treatment, and describes the structure and organisation of a tertiary treatment centre for chronic pain.
It also presents therapeutic interventions, such as dealing with “Black Thoughts”, “Distraction ABC”, “Stress
Day” and the “Pain Provocation Technique” with the aid of numerous examples of pain management and health care from
a clinical perspective.
Lastly, it discusses the special features of pain treatment for children and adolescents with comorbid psychological
disorders, family difficulties or defined somatic diseases, as well as pharmacological and interventional treatment
options.
Part I. The Basics of Paediatric Pain Treatment
1. Epidemiology of Chronic Pain in Children and Adolescents
2. Pain Disorder: A Biopsychosocial Disease
3. Diagnostics of Chronic Pain in Children and Adolescents
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4. The Basics of Treating Pain Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Part II. The In-Patient Paediatric Pain Treatment Programme
5. When to Decide on In- or Outpatient Pain Treatment?
6. Organisation and Procedure of Inpatient Admission
7. Structure and Organisation of Inpatient Pain Treatment
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8. Inpatient Pain Treatment: Module 1 (Presentation, Setting Goals, Education)
9. Inpatient Pain Treatment: Module 2 (Pain Coping Strategies)
10. Inpatient Pain Treatment: Module 3 (Supplementary Interventions for Comorbid Psychiatric Symptoms)
11. Inpatient Pain Treatment: Module 4 (Integrating the Family System)
12. Inpatient Pain Treatment: Module 5 (Pharmacological Treatment, Physical Therapy and Other Optional Interventions)
13. Inpatient Pain Treatment: Module 6 (Planning the Time After Discharge)
Part III. Add Ons
14. Specifics of Pain Treatment in Children with Psychological Disorders, Severe Somatic Diseases, or Psychosocial
Stress Factors
15. Practical Tools and Worksheets
16. Is It All Worthwhile? Effectiveness of Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment