Parallel Imaging in Clinical MR Applications

Parallel imaging techniques have only recently been introduced into
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clinical routine, but they have
already gained wide clinical acceptance in numerous applications.
Their substantial advantages in terms of higher spatial and temporal
resolution and improved image quality have revolutionized the role of
MRI in many areas of comprehensive disease imaging. This book
presents the first in-depth introduction to parallel imaging
techniques and, in particular, to the application of parallel imaging
in clinical MRI. It will provide readers with a broader understanding
of the fundamental principles of parallel imaging and of the
advantages and disadvantages of specific MR protocols in clinical
applications in all parts of the body at 1.5 and 3 Tesla.


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Part I: Basic Principles of Parallel Acquisition Techniques:
Introduction to k
Space and Parallel Imaging.
Basic Reconstruction Algorithms for Parallel Imaging. The g-Factor
and Coil Design.
Measurement of Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Parallel Imaging.
Special Applications of Parallel Imaging.
Parallel-Imaging Reconstruction of Arbitrary k-Space-Sampling Data.
Complementary Techniques for Accelerated Imaging.

Part II: Sequence design for (auto-calibrated) parallel imaging:
Measurement of Coil Sensitivity Profiles. Conventional Spin-Echo and
Gradient-Echo Pulse Sequences.
Single-Shot Pulse Sequences.
Fast Sequences for Dynamic and Time-Resolved Imaging.
The Development of TSENSE.

Part III: Technical implementation in clinical MRI: Design of
Dedicated MRI Systems for Parallel Imaging. Dedicated Coil Systems
from Head to Toe.
Design of Imaging Protocols.
General Advantages of Parallel Imaging.
Limitations of Parallel Imaging.

Part IV: Clinical Applications: Imaging of Morphology: High-
Resolution Imaging of the Brain.
High-Resolution Imaging of the Skull Base and Larynx. Lung Imaging.
Liver Imaging.
High-Resolution Imaging of the Bililary Tree and the Pancreas.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Musculoskeletal Imaging: Knee and Shoulder. Advanced Methods of Fat
Suppression and Parallel Imaging.

Part V: Clinical Applications: Angiography: MRA of Brain Vessels, of
the Carotid Arteries, and of the Pulmonary Ciculation.
High-Resolution MRA of the Renal Arteries.
Peripheral MR Angiography.
Pediatric Congenital Cardiovascular Disease High-Resolution Whole-
Body MRA.

Part VI: Clinical Applications: Function Imaging of CNS Diffusion and
Perfusion: Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Brain.
Imaging of Cardiac Function.
Imaging of Cardiac Perfusion.
Imaging of Pulmonary Perfusion.
Oxygen Imaging of the Lung.
Imaging of Renal Perfusion.

Part VII: Comprehensive Protocols: Cardiovascular Screening.
Tumor Staging.
Imaging of Bronchial Carcinoma.
Imaging of Pulmonary Hypertension.

Part VIII: Future Developments: New Coil Systems for Highly Parallel
MR Acquisition Strategies.
Paralell-Excitation Techniques for Ultra-High-Field MRI.
Future Software Developments.
Future Imaging Protocols with Parallel Imaging. Subject Index.
List of Contributors.