Transoesophageal Echocardiography in Anaesthesia and Intesive Care Medicine

1. Physical principles of ultrasound
2. Periperative trancoesophageal chocardiography
3. Global left ventricular systolic function
4. Left ventricular diastolic function
5. Mitral valve disease
6. Aortic valve
7. Prosthetic valves
8. Right ventricle
9. Thoracic aorta
10. Haemodynamics
11. Myocardial ischaemia
12. Congenital heart disease
13. Cardiac masses, air, and foreign bodies
14. Minimally invasive and minimal access cardiac surgery
15. Circulatory assist devices, artificial heart, and heart and lung
transplantation
16. Artifacts and pitfalls
17. Training and certification in the United States
18. Training and certification in Europe