Complications of Pediatric and Adult Spinal Surgery

1 The foundation of complication identification, preventions, and management 1
2 Complications of anesthesia administration and positioning for spinal surgery
5
3 Complications of bone graft harvest, allograft bone, and bone graft extenders
or alternatives in spinal surgery 19
4 Intraoperative injury to the spinal cord and nerve roots 33
5 Intraoperative injury to the cauda equina and nerve roots 47
6 Intraoperative dural laceration, postoperative cerebrospinal fistula, and
postoperative pseudomeningocele 55
7 Postarthrodesis adjacent segment degeneration 63
8 Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar pseudarthrosis : diagnosis and management 87
9 Complications and risks of blood products, hemostatic agents, dural
substitutes, and sealants 111
10 Complications related to anterior surgical exposures of the thoracic, lumbar
and sacral spine 119
11 Postoperative spinal wound infections and postprocedural diskitis 141
12 The use of neuromonitoring for neurological injury detection and implant
accuracy 159
13 Complications in revision spine surgery 173
14 Complications encountered during surgery for spinal trauma 203
15 Soft tissue complications of anterior cervical surgery : dysphagia,
dysphonia, and injuries to the vital nonneural structures of the neck 217
16 Construct failure in cervical corpectomy surgery 235
17 Cervical postlaminectomy kyphosis 259
18 Complications in the surgical management of ossification of the posterior
longitudinal ligament using the anterior approach 271
19 Complications encountered in the management of patients with ankylosing
spondylitis 279
20 Complications of closed skeletal reduction for cervical spinal instability
291
21 Complications of posterior occipitocervical instrumentation 301
22 Complications relating to the treatment of odontoid fractures 323
23 Complications related to the surgical treatment of cervical myelopathy 341
24 Complications related to the surgical management of intradural spinal cord
tumors 357
25 Vascular injury, epidural fibrosis, and arachnoiditis 371
26 Complications of thoracic and lumbar pedicle screw fixation 409
27 Complications of anterior thoracolumbar plating 431
28 Complications of interbody fusion cages 439
29 Posttraumatic thoracolumbar kyphosis 457
30 Complications of thoracolumbar deformity surgery 469
31 Iatrogenic fixed sagittal imbalance in the treatment of lumbar degenerative
disease : prevention and management 493
32 Complications of minimally invasive spinal surgery - part I : cervical and
posterior lumbar spine 513
33 Complications of minimally invasive spinal surgery - part II : thoracoscopy
525
34 Complications of minimally invasive spinal surgery - part III : laparoscopy
537
35 Complications of minimally invasive spinal procedures and surgery - part
IV : percutaneous and intradiscal techniques 547
36 Complications of spinal injection therapy and discography 573
37 Complications of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty 593
38 Pitfalls of image-guided spinal navigation 615
39 Complications related to the surgical management of achondroplasia 629
40 Complications related to the surgical management of patients with skeletal
dysplasias and connective tissue diseases 639
41 Complications related to the surgical management of patients with cerebral
palsy 655
42 Complications related to the surgical management of patients with
myelomeningocele 677
43 Postsurgical sagittal and coronal plane decompensation in deformity surgery
687
44 Complications in the management of neurofibromatosis in children 709
45 Optimum patient selection 731
46 Complications associated with house staff involvement in the patient care
753
47 Legal implications and strategies for managing complications in spinal
surgery 759