CT of the Heart : Principles and Applications

CT of the Heart: Principles and Applications

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pt. I Introduction and historical background
1 CT of the heart : past, present, and future 3
Pt. II Technical background
2 Electron beam CT of the heart 15
3 Scan techniques for cardiac and coronary artery imaging with multislice CT 23
4 Image reconstruction for ECG-triggered and ECG-gated multislice CT 45
5 Phase-correlated image reconstruction without ECG 55
6 Radiation dose from CT of the heart 63
Pt. III Detection and quantification of coronary calcium
7 Coronary calcium screening : an epidemiologic perspective 71
8 Coronary calcium scanning : why we should perform it 79
9 Detection and quantification of coronary calcium with electron beam CT 83
10 Detection and quantification of coronary calcium with dual-slice CT 91
11 Detection and quantification of calcified coronary plaque with multidetector-
row CT 101
12 Coronary calcium scoring with multidetector-row CT : rationale and scoring
techniques 111
13 Noninvasive quantification of coronary calcium : quantification methods,
scanner types, scan protocols, accuracy, and reproducibility 129
Pt. IV Contrast-enhanced CT of the heart : morphology and function
14 CT of the pericardium 145
15 Multidetector-row CT for assessment of cardiac valves 155
16 Multislice CT of the heart and great vessels in congenital heart disease
patients 161
17 Imaging of cardiac and paracardiac masses and pseudotumors 171
18 Multidetector-row CT assessment of left-ventricular function 183
19 Imaging intramyocardial microcirculatory function using fast computed
tomography 195
20 Approaches for assessing myocardial viability with multidetector-row CT 207
Pt. V Contrast-enhanced CT of the heart : coronary arteries
21 Anatomy of the coronary arteries and veins in CT imaging 219
22 Techniques and protocols for acquisition and display of contrast-enhanced CT
angiography 229
23 Contrast material injection techniques for CT angiography of the coronary
arteries 237
24 Visualization techniques for contrast-enhanced CT angiography of coronary
arteries 247
25 CT angiography for assessment of coronary artery anomalies 259
26 Multidetector-row CT for assessment of Kawasaki disease 279
27 Multidetector-row CT of the coronary arteries for planning of minimally
invasive bypass surgery 287
28 CT angiography for assessment of coronary bypass grafts 301
29 Contrast-enhanced electron beam CT and multidetector-row CT in the
evaluation of coronary stent patency 311
30 CT angiography for the detection of coronary artery stenosis 321
31 Complementary use of coronary calcium scoring and CT angiography 333
32 CT vs magnetic resonance for imaging of the coronary arteries 339
Pt. VI Contrast-enhanced CT of the heart : principles of atherosclerosis and
vessel wall imaging
33 Pathology and pathophysiology of coronary atherosclerotic plaques 351
34 Pathogenesis of the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque 365
35 Multidetector-row CT imaging of clinical and preclinical coronary
atherosclerosis 377
36 Multidetector-row CT vs intravascular ultrasound for coronary plaque
characterization 381
37 Multidetector-row CT vs magnetic resonance imaging for coronary plaque
characterization 389
38 Multidetector-row CT for detection of noncalcified and calcified coronary
lesions : clinical significance 399