1 Methods of Otoscopy
2 The Normal Tympanic Membrane
Anatomy
Histology
Normal Otoscopy
3 Diseases Affecting the External Auditory Canal
Exostosis and Osteoma
Furunculosis
Myringitis and Meatal Stenosis
Otomycosis
Eczema
Cholesteatoma of the External Auditory Canal
Pathologies Extending to the External Auditory Canal
Carcinoid Tumors
Histiocytosis X
Other Pathologies
Carcinoma of the External Auditory Canal
4 Secretory Otitis Media (Otitis Media with Effusion)
5 Cholesterol Granuloma
6 Atlelctasis, Adhesive Otitis Media
7 Non-Cholesteatomatous Chronic Otitis Media
General Characteristics of Tympanic Membrane Perforations
Posterior Perforations
Anterior Perforations
Subtotal and Total Perforations
Post-traumatic Perforations
Perforations Complicated by or associated with other Pathologies
Tympanosclerosis
Tympanosclerosis Associated with Perforation
Tympanosclerosis with Intact Tympanic Membrane
8 Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma
Epitympanic Retraction Pocket
Epitympanic Cholesteatoma
Mesotympanic Cholesteatoma
Cholesteatoma Associated with Atelectasis
Cholesteatoma Associated with Complications
9 Congenital Cholesteatoma of the Middle Ear
10 Petrous Bone Cholesteatoma
11 Glomus Tumors (Chodectomas)
Differential Diagnosis with other Retrotympanic Masses
12 Rare Retrotympanic Masses
13 Meningoencephalic Herniation
14 Postsurgical Conditions
Myringotomy and Insertion of Ventilation Tube
Myringoplasty
Tympanoplasty
References