Principles of Geriatic Medicine and Gerontology

Table of Contents
Contributors
Preface
Introduction
Pt. 1 Principles of Gerontology 1
1 Biology of Aging and Longevity 3
2 Genetics of Human Disease, Longevity, and Aging 21
3 The Role of Intercellular Communication in Diseases of Old Age
45
4 Atherosclerosis and Aging 61
5 The Gender Differential in Longevity 69
6 Nutrition and Aging 81
7 Immunology of Aging 97
8 Oncology and Aging: General Principles of Cancer in the
Elderly 117
9 Biomechanics of Mobility in Older Adults 131
10 Exercise in the Elderly: Physiologic and Functional Effects
143
11 Psychology and Aging 159
12 Sexuality and Aging 171
13 Menopause and Mid-Life Health Changes 179
14 Sociology of Aging 191
15 The Epidemiology of Aging 203
16 Cross-National Aspects of Geriatrics: Comparisons of Nursing
Home Residents 227
17 Preventive Gerontology: A Personalized, Designer Approach to
a Life of Maximum Quality and Quantity 239
Pt. 2 Principles of Geriatrics 247
18 The Approach to Managing the Elderly Patient 249
19 Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults
255
20 The Assessment of Older Drivers 267
21 Diagnostic Tests 275
22 Health Behaviors and Aging 287
23 Clinical Pharmacology 303
24 Families, Social Support, and Caregiving 333
25 Health Care Issues in Older Women 345
26 Contemporary Geriatric Nursing 355
27 Perioperative Management of the Older Patient 365
28 Anesthesia for Older Patients 377
29 Surgery in the Elderly 391
30 Pain Management 413
31 Principles of Rehabilitation in Older Patients 435
32 The Health Care System for Older Adults in the United States
457
33 Principles of Geriatric Assessment 467
34 Acute Care 483
35 Subacute Care 493
36 Nursing Home Care 509
37 Home Care and Community-Based Long-Term Care 529
38 Care of the Dying Patient 537
39 Legal Issues in Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology 545
40 Ethical Issues in Geriatric Care 557
Pt. 3 Diseases of the Organ Systems 571
41 Aging of the Skin 573
42 The Oral Cavity 591
43 Aging and Visual Function 603
44 Auditory and Vestibular Dysfunction 617
45 Breast Disease 633
46 Circulatory Function in Younger and Older Humans in Health
645
47 Coronary Heart Disease 661
48 Valvular Heart Disease 669
49 Heart Failure 679
50 Arrhythmias in the Elderly 701
51 Peripheral Vascular Disease 705
52 Hypertension 713
53 Aging of the Respiratory System 721
54 Pneumonia 729
55 Tuberculosis 737
56 Chronic Airflow Obstruction and Respiratory Failure 745
57 Lung Cancer 757
58 Aging Changes in Renal Function 767
59 Renal Disease 777
60 Gynecologic Disorders 797
61 Disorders of the Prostate 809
62 Urinary Tract Infections in the Elderly 823
63 Age-Associated Changes in Gastrointestinal Function 835
64 Disorders of the Esophagus 843
65 The Stomach and Duodenum 855
66 Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disorders 867
67 Colonic Disorders 881
68 Aging of the Hematopoietic System 889
69 Anemia 899
70 White Cell Disorders 907
71 Malignant Lymphoma, Hodgkin`s Disease, and Multiple Myeloma
919
72 Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Disorders 933
73 Aging of the Endocrine System 949
74 Weight and Age: Paradoxes and Conundrums 967
75 Thyroid Diseases 973
76 Diabetes Mellitus 991
77 Dyslipoproteinemia 1013
78 Trophic Factors and Male Hormone Replacement 1029
79 Calcium and Bone Homeostasis and Changes with Aging 1041
80 Osteoporosis and Osteomalacia 1057
81 Hyperparathyroidism and Paget`s Disease of Bone 1085
82 Aging and Musculoskeletal System 1097
83 Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs 1113
84 Polymyalgia Rheumatica 1121
85 Idiopathic Inflammatory Myositis 1125
86 Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis and the Other Autoimmune
Rheumatic Diseases 1135
87 Management of Osteoarthritis 1155
88 Crystal Arthropathies in the Elderly: Gout (Monosodium Urate)
and Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Disease 1163
89 Bursitis, Ten